build: 增加硬件编码所需驱动依赖

build/Dockerfile.runtime

@@ -12,7 +12,8 @@ ARG TARGETPLATFORM
 # Install runtime dependencies in a single layer
 # All codec libraries (libx264, libx265, libopus) are now statically linked
 # Only hardware acceleration drivers and core system libraries remain dynamic
-RUN apt-get update && \
+RUN sed -i 's/ main$/ main contrib non-free/' /etc/apt/sources.list && \
+    apt-get update && \
     apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
         # Core runtime (all platforms) - no codec libs needed
         ca-certificates \
@@ -24,7 +25,8 @@ RUN apt-get update && \
     # Platform-specific hardware acceleration
     if [ "$TARGETPLATFORM" = "linux/amd64" ]; then \
         apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
-            libva2 libva-drm2 libva-x11-2 libx11-6 libxcb1 libxau6 libxdmcp6 libmfx1; \
+            libva2 libva-drm2 libva-x11-2 libx11-6 libxcb1 libxau6 libxdmcp6 libmfx1 \
+            i965-va-driver-shaders intel-media-va-driver-non-free; \
     elif [ "$TARGETPLATFORM" = "linux/arm64" ]; then \
         apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
             libdrm2 libva2; \

build/Dockerfile.runtime-full

@@ -12,7 +12,8 @@ ARG TARGETPLATFORM
 # Install runtime dependencies in a single layer
 # All codec libraries (libx264, libx265, libopus) are now statically linked
 # Only hardware acceleration drivers and core system libraries remain dynamic
-RUN apt-get update && \
+RUN sed -i 's/ main$/ main contrib non-free/' /etc/apt/sources.list && \
+    apt-get update && \
     apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
         # Core runtime (all platforms) - no codec libs needed
         ca-certificates \
@@ -24,7 +25,8 @@ RUN apt-get update && \
     # Platform-specific hardware acceleration
     if [ "$TARGETPLATFORM" = "linux/amd64" ]; then \
         apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
-            libva2 libva-drm2 libva-x11-2 libx11-6 libxcb1 libxau6 libxdmcp6 libmfx1; \
+            libva2 libva-drm2 libva-x11-2 libx11-6 libxcb1 libxau6 libxdmcp6 libmfx1 \
+            i965-va-driver-shaders intel-media-va-driver-non-free; \
     elif [ "$TARGETPLATFORM" = "linux/arm64" ]; then \
         apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
             libdrm2 libva2; \

build/one-kvm.service

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ Wants=network-online.target
 [Service]
 Type=simple
 User=root
+# Example for older Intel GPUs:
+# Environment=LIBVA_DRIVER_NAME=i965
 ExecStart=/usr/bin/one-kvm
 Restart=on-failure
 RestartSec=5

build/package-deb.sh

@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ EOF
 
     # Create control file
     BASE_DEPS="libc6 (>= 2.31), libgcc-s1, libstdc++6, libasound2 (>= 1.1), libdrm2 (>= 2.4)"
-    AMD64_DEPS="libva2 (>= 2.0), libva-drm2 (>= 2.10), libva-x11-2 (>= 2.10), libmfx1 (>= 21.1), libx11-6 (>= 1.6), libxcb1 (>= 1.14)"
+    AMD64_DEPS="libva2 (>= 2.0), libva-drm2 (>= 2.10), libva-x11-2 (>= 2.10), libmfx1 (>= 21.1), libx11-6 (>= 1.6), libxcb1 (>= 1.14), i965-va-driver-shaders (>= 2.4), intel-media-va-driver-non-free (>= 21.1)"
     DEPS="$BASE_DEPS"
     if [ "$DEB_ARCH" = "amd64" ]; then
         DEPS="$DEPS, $AMD64_DEPS"

libs/hwcodec/src/ffmpeg_ram/encode.rs

@@ -15,12 +15,412 @@ use std::{
     slice,
 };
 
-use super::Priority;
 #[cfg(any(windows, target_os = "linux"))]
 use crate::common::Driver;
 
 /// Timeout for encoder test in milliseconds
 const TEST_TIMEOUT_MS: u64 = 3000;
+const PRIORITY_NVENC: i32 = 0;
+const PRIORITY_QSV: i32 = 1;
+const PRIORITY_AMF: i32 = 2;
+const PRIORITY_RKMPP: i32 = 3;
+const PRIORITY_VAAPI: i32 = 4;
+const PRIORITY_V4L2M2M: i32 = 5;
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+struct CandidateCodecSpec {
+    name: &'static str,
+    format: DataFormat,
+    priority: i32,
+}
+
+fn push_candidate(codecs: &mut Vec<CodecInfo>, candidate: CandidateCodecSpec) {
+    codecs.push(CodecInfo {
+        name: candidate.name.to_owned(),
+        format: candidate.format,
+        priority: candidate.priority,
+        ..Default::default()
+    });
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+fn linux_support_vaapi() -> bool {
+    let entries = match std::fs::read_dir("/dev/dri") {
+        Ok(entries) => entries,
+        Err(_) => return false,
+    };
+
+    entries.flatten().any(|entry| {
+        entry
+            .file_name()
+            .to_str()
+            .map(|name| name.starts_with("renderD"))
+            .unwrap_or(false)
+    })
+}
+
+#[cfg(not(target_os = "linux"))]
+fn linux_support_vaapi() -> bool {
+    false
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+fn linux_support_rkmpp() -> bool {
+    extern "C" {
+        fn linux_support_rkmpp() -> c_int;
+    }
+
+    unsafe { linux_support_rkmpp() == 0 }
+}
+
+#[cfg(not(target_os = "linux"))]
+fn linux_support_rkmpp() -> bool {
+    false
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+fn linux_support_v4l2m2m() -> bool {
+    extern "C" {
+        fn linux_support_v4l2m2m() -> c_int;
+    }
+
+    unsafe { linux_support_v4l2m2m() == 0 }
+}
+
+#[cfg(not(target_os = "linux"))]
+fn linux_support_v4l2m2m() -> bool {
+    false
+}
+
+#[cfg(any(windows, target_os = "linux"))]
+fn enumerate_candidate_codecs(ctx: &EncodeContext) -> Vec<CodecInfo> {
+    use log::debug;
+
+    let mut codecs = Vec::new();
+    let contains = |_vendor: Driver, _format: DataFormat| {
+        // Without VRAM feature, we can't check SDK availability.
+        // Keep the prefilter coarse and let FFmpeg validation do the real check.
+        true
+    };
+    let (nv, amf, intel) = crate::common::supported_gpu(true);
+
+    debug!(
+        "GPU support detected - NV: {}, AMF: {}, Intel: {}",
+        nv, amf, intel
+    );
+
+    if nv && contains(Driver::NV, H264) {
+        push_candidate(
+            &mut codecs,
+            CandidateCodecSpec {
+                name: "h264_nvenc",
+                format: H264,
+                priority: PRIORITY_NVENC,
+            },
+        );
+    }
+    if nv && contains(Driver::NV, H265) {
+        push_candidate(
+            &mut codecs,
+            CandidateCodecSpec {
+                name: "hevc_nvenc",
+                format: H265,
+                priority: PRIORITY_NVENC,
+            },
+        );
+    }
+    if intel && contains(Driver::MFX, H264) {
+        push_candidate(
+            &mut codecs,
+            CandidateCodecSpec {
+                name: "h264_qsv",
+                format: H264,
+                priority: PRIORITY_QSV,
+            },
+        );
+    }
+    if intel && contains(Driver::MFX, H265) {
+        push_candidate(
+            &mut codecs,
+            CandidateCodecSpec {
+                name: "hevc_qsv",
+                format: H265,
+                priority: PRIORITY_QSV,
+            },
+        );
+    }
+    if amf && contains(Driver::AMF, H264) {
+        push_candidate(
+            &mut codecs,
+            CandidateCodecSpec {
+                name: "h264_amf",
+                format: H264,
+                priority: PRIORITY_AMF,
+            },
+        );
+    }
+    if amf && contains(Driver::AMF, H265) {
+        push_candidate(
+            &mut codecs,
+            CandidateCodecSpec {
+                name: "hevc_amf",
+                format: H265,
+                priority: PRIORITY_AMF,
+            },
+        );
+    }
+    if linux_support_rkmpp() {
+        debug!("RKMPP hardware detected, adding Rockchip encoders");
+        push_candidate(
+            &mut codecs,
+            CandidateCodecSpec {
+                name: "h264_rkmpp",
+                format: H264,
+                priority: PRIORITY_RKMPP,
+            },
+        );
+        push_candidate(
+            &mut codecs,
+            CandidateCodecSpec {
+                name: "hevc_rkmpp",
+                format: H265,
+                priority: PRIORITY_RKMPP,
+            },
+        );
+    }
+    if cfg!(target_os = "linux") && linux_support_vaapi() {
+        push_candidate(
+            &mut codecs,
+            CandidateCodecSpec {
+                name: "h264_vaapi",
+                format: H264,
+                priority: PRIORITY_VAAPI,
+            },
+        );
+        push_candidate(
+            &mut codecs,
+            CandidateCodecSpec {
+                name: "hevc_vaapi",
+                format: H265,
+                priority: PRIORITY_VAAPI,
+            },
+        );
+        push_candidate(
+            &mut codecs,
+            CandidateCodecSpec {
+                name: "vp8_vaapi",
+                format: VP8,
+                priority: PRIORITY_VAAPI,
+            },
+        );
+        push_candidate(
+            &mut codecs,
+            CandidateCodecSpec {
+                name: "vp9_vaapi",
+                format: VP9,
+                priority: PRIORITY_VAAPI,
+            },
+        );
+    }
+    if linux_support_v4l2m2m() {
+        debug!("V4L2 M2M hardware detected, adding V4L2 encoders");
+        push_candidate(
+            &mut codecs,
+            CandidateCodecSpec {
+                name: "h264_v4l2m2m",
+                format: H264,
+                priority: PRIORITY_V4L2M2M,
+            },
+        );
+        push_candidate(
+            &mut codecs,
+            CandidateCodecSpec {
+                name: "hevc_v4l2m2m",
+                format: H265,
+                priority: PRIORITY_V4L2M2M,
+            },
+        );
+    }
+
+    codecs.retain(|codec| {
+        !(ctx.pixfmt == AVPixelFormat::AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P && codec.name.contains("qsv"))
+    });
+    codecs
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+struct ProbePolicy {
+    max_attempts: usize,
+    request_keyframe: bool,
+    accept_any_output: bool,
+}
+
+impl ProbePolicy {
+    fn for_codec(codec_name: &str) -> Self {
+        if codec_name.contains("v4l2m2m") {
+            Self {
+                max_attempts: 5,
+                request_keyframe: true,
+                accept_any_output: true,
+            }
+        } else {
+            Self {
+                max_attempts: 1,
+                request_keyframe: false,
+                accept_any_output: false,
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn prepare_attempt(&self, encoder: &mut Encoder) {
+        if self.request_keyframe {
+            encoder.request_keyframe();
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn passed(&self, frames: &[EncodeFrame], elapsed_ms: u128) -> bool {
+        if elapsed_ms >= TEST_TIMEOUT_MS as u128 {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if self.accept_any_output {
+            !frames.is_empty()
+        } else {
+            frames.len() == 1 && frames[0].key == 1
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn log_failed_probe_attempt(
+    codec_name: &str,
+    policy: ProbePolicy,
+    attempt: usize,
+    frames: &[EncodeFrame],
+    elapsed_ms: u128,
+) {
+    use log::debug;
+
+    if policy.accept_any_output {
+        if frames.is_empty() {
+            debug!(
+                "Encoder {} test produced no output on attempt {}",
+                codec_name, attempt
+            );
+        } else {
+            debug!(
+                "Encoder {} test failed on attempt {} - frames: {}, timeout: {}ms",
+                codec_name,
+                attempt,
+                frames.len(),
+                elapsed_ms
+            );
+        }
+    } else if frames.len() == 1 {
+        debug!(
+            "Encoder {} test failed on attempt {} - key: {}, timeout: {}ms",
+            codec_name, attempt, frames[0].key, elapsed_ms
+        );
+    } else {
+        debug!(
+            "Encoder {} test failed on attempt {} - wrong frame count: {}",
+            codec_name,
+            attempt,
+            frames.len()
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+fn validate_candidate(codec: &CodecInfo, ctx: &EncodeContext, yuv: &[u8]) -> bool {
+    use log::debug;
+
+    debug!("Testing encoder: {}", codec.name);
+
+    let test_ctx = EncodeContext {
+        name: codec.name.clone(),
+        mc_name: codec.mc_name.clone(),
+        ..ctx.clone()
+    };
+
+    match Encoder::new(test_ctx) {
+        Ok(mut encoder) => {
+            debug!("Encoder {} created successfully", codec.name);
+            let policy = ProbePolicy::for_codec(&codec.name);
+            let mut last_err: Option<i32> = None;
+
+            for attempt in 0..policy.max_attempts {
+                let attempt_no = attempt + 1;
+                policy.prepare_attempt(&mut encoder);
+
+                let pts = (attempt as i64) * 33;
+                let start = std::time::Instant::now();
+                match encoder.encode(yuv, pts) {
+                    Ok(frames) => {
+                        let elapsed = start.elapsed().as_millis();
+
+                        if policy.passed(frames, elapsed) {
+                            if policy.accept_any_output {
+                                debug!(
+                                    "Encoder {} test passed on attempt {} (frames: {})",
+                                    codec.name,
+                                    attempt_no,
+                                    frames.len()
+                                );
+                            } else {
+                                debug!(
+                                    "Encoder {} test passed on attempt {}",
+                                    codec.name, attempt_no
+                                );
+                            }
+                            return true;
+                        } else {
+                            log_failed_probe_attempt(
+                                &codec.name,
+                                policy,
+                                attempt_no,
+                                frames,
+                                elapsed,
+                            );
+                        }
+                    }
+                    Err(err) => {
+                        last_err = Some(err);
+                        debug!(
+                            "Encoder {} test attempt {} returned error: {}",
+                            codec.name, attempt_no, err
+                        );
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            debug!(
+                "Encoder {} test failed after retries{}",
+                codec.name,
+                last_err
+                    .map(|e| format!(" (last err: {})", e))
+                    .unwrap_or_default()
+            );
+            false
+        }
+        Err(_) => {
+            debug!("Failed to create encoder {}", codec.name);
+            false
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn add_software_fallback(codecs: &mut Vec<CodecInfo>) {
+    use log::debug;
+
+    for fallback in CodecInfo::soft().into_vec() {
+        if !codecs.iter().any(|codec| codec.format == fallback.format) {
+            debug!(
+                "Adding software {:?} encoder: {}",
+                fallback.format, fallback.name
+            );
+            codecs.push(fallback);
+        }
+    }
+}
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
 pub struct EncodeContext {
@@ -185,305 +585,21 @@ impl Encoder {
         if !(cfg!(windows) || cfg!(target_os = "linux")) {
             return vec![];
         }
-        let mut codecs: Vec<CodecInfo> = vec![];
-        #[cfg(any(windows, target_os = "linux"))]
-        {
-            let contains = |_vendor: Driver, _format: DataFormat| {
-                // Without VRAM feature, we can't check SDK availability
-                // Just return true and let FFmpeg handle the actual detection
-                true
-            };
-            let (_nv, amf, _intel) = crate::common::supported_gpu(true);
-            debug!(
-                "GPU support detected - NV: {}, AMF: {}, Intel: {}",
-                _nv, amf, _intel
-            );
-
-            #[cfg(windows)]
-            if _intel && contains(Driver::MFX, H264) {
-                codecs.push(CodecInfo {
-                    name: "h264_qsv".to_owned(),
-                    format: H264,
-                    priority: Priority::Best as _,
-                    ..Default::default()
-                });
-            }
-            #[cfg(windows)]
-            if _intel && contains(Driver::MFX, H265) {
-                codecs.push(CodecInfo {
-                    name: "hevc_qsv".to_owned(),
-                    format: H265,
-                    priority: Priority::Best as _,
-                    ..Default::default()
-                });
-            }
-            if _nv && contains(Driver::NV, H264) {
-                codecs.push(CodecInfo {
-                    name: "h264_nvenc".to_owned(),
-                    format: H264,
-                    priority: Priority::Best as _,
-                    ..Default::default()
-                });
-            }
-            if _nv && contains(Driver::NV, H265) {
-                codecs.push(CodecInfo {
-                    name: "hevc_nvenc".to_owned(),
-                    format: H265,
-                    priority: Priority::Best as _,
-                    ..Default::default()
-                });
-            }
-            if amf && contains(Driver::AMF, H264) {
-                codecs.push(CodecInfo {
-                    name: "h264_amf".to_owned(),
-                    format: H264,
-                    priority: Priority::Best as _,
-                    ..Default::default()
-                });
-            }
-            if amf {
-                codecs.push(CodecInfo {
-                    name: "hevc_amf".to_owned(),
-                    format: H265,
-                    priority: Priority::Best as _,
-                    ..Default::default()
-                });
-            }
-            #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
-            {
-                codecs.push(CodecInfo {
-                    name: "h264_vaapi".to_owned(),
-                    format: H264,
-                    priority: Priority::Good as _,
-                    ..Default::default()
-                });
-                codecs.push(CodecInfo {
-                    name: "hevc_vaapi".to_owned(),
-                    format: H265,
-                    priority: Priority::Good as _,
-                    ..Default::default()
-                });
-                codecs.push(CodecInfo {
-                    name: "vp8_vaapi".to_owned(),
-                    format: VP8,
-                    priority: Priority::Good as _,
-                    ..Default::default()
-                });
-                codecs.push(CodecInfo {
-                    name: "vp9_vaapi".to_owned(),
-                    format: VP9,
-                    priority: Priority::Good as _,
-                    ..Default::default()
-                });
-
-                // Rockchip MPP hardware encoder support
-                use std::ffi::c_int;
-                extern "C" {
-                    fn linux_support_rkmpp() -> c_int;
-                    fn linux_support_v4l2m2m() -> c_int;
-                }
-
-                if unsafe { linux_support_rkmpp() } == 0 {
-                    debug!("RKMPP hardware detected, adding Rockchip encoders");
-                    codecs.push(CodecInfo {
-                        name: "h264_rkmpp".to_owned(),
-                        format: H264,
-                        priority: Priority::Best as _,
-                        ..Default::default()
-                    });
-                    codecs.push(CodecInfo {
-                        name: "hevc_rkmpp".to_owned(),
-                        format: H265,
-                        priority: Priority::Best as _,
-                        ..Default::default()
-                    });
-                }
-
-                // V4L2 Memory-to-Memory hardware encoder support (generic ARM)
-                if unsafe { linux_support_v4l2m2m() } == 0 {
-                    debug!("V4L2 M2M hardware detected, adding V4L2 encoders");
-                    codecs.push(CodecInfo {
-                        name: "h264_v4l2m2m".to_owned(),
-                        format: H264,
-                        priority: Priority::Good as _,
-                        ..Default::default()
-                    });
-                    codecs.push(CodecInfo {
-                        name: "hevc_v4l2m2m".to_owned(),
-                        format: H265,
-                        priority: Priority::Good as _,
-                        ..Default::default()
-                    });
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        // qsv doesn't support yuv420p
-        codecs.retain(|c| {
-            let ctx = ctx.clone();
-            if ctx.pixfmt == AVPixelFormat::AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P && c.name.contains("qsv") {
-                return false;
-            }
-            return true;
-        });
-
         let mut res = vec![];
+        #[cfg(any(windows, target_os = "linux"))]
+        let codecs = enumerate_candidate_codecs(&ctx);
 
         if let Ok(yuv) = Encoder::dummy_yuv(ctx.clone()) {
             for codec in codecs {
-                // Skip if this format already exists in results
-                if res
-                    .iter()
-                    .any(|existing: &CodecInfo| existing.format == codec.format)
-                {
-                    continue;
-                }
-
-                debug!("Testing encoder: {}", codec.name);
-
-                let c = EncodeContext {
-                    name: codec.name.clone(),
-                    mc_name: codec.mc_name.clone(),
-                    ..ctx
-                };
-
-                match Encoder::new(c) {
-                    Ok(mut encoder) => {
-                        debug!("Encoder {} created successfully", codec.name);
-                        let mut passed = false;
-                        let mut last_err: Option<i32> = None;
-                        let is_v4l2m2m = codec.name.contains("v4l2m2m");
-
-                        let max_attempts = if is_v4l2m2m { 5 } else { 1 };
-                        for attempt in 0..max_attempts {
-                            if is_v4l2m2m {
-                                encoder.request_keyframe();
-                            }
-                            let pts = (attempt as i64) * 33; // 33ms is an approximation for 30 FPS (1000 / 30)
-                            let start = std::time::Instant::now();
-                            match encoder.encode(&yuv, pts) {
-                                Ok(frames) => {
-                                    let elapsed = start.elapsed().as_millis();
-
-                                    if is_v4l2m2m {
-                                        if !frames.is_empty() && elapsed < TEST_TIMEOUT_MS as _ {
-                                            debug!(
-                                                "Encoder {} test passed on attempt {} (frames: {})",
-                                                codec.name,
-                                                attempt + 1,
-                                                frames.len()
-                                            );
-                                            res.push(codec.clone());
-                                            passed = true;
-                                            break;
-                                        } else if frames.is_empty() {
-                                            debug!(
-                                                "Encoder {} test produced no output on attempt {}",
-                                                codec.name,
-                                                attempt + 1
-                                            );
-                                        } else {
-                                            debug!(
-                                                "Encoder {} test failed on attempt {} - frames: {}, timeout: {}ms",
-                                                codec.name,
-                                                attempt + 1,
-                                                frames.len(),
-                                                elapsed
-                                            );
-                                        }
-                                    } else if frames.len() == 1 {
-                                        if frames[0].key == 1 && elapsed < TEST_TIMEOUT_MS as _ {
-                                            debug!(
-                                                "Encoder {} test passed on attempt {}",
-                                                codec.name,
-                                                attempt + 1
-                                            );
-                                            res.push(codec.clone());
-                                            passed = true;
-                                            break;
-                                        } else {
-                                            debug!(
-                                                "Encoder {} test failed on attempt {} - key: {}, timeout: {}ms",
-                                                codec.name,
-                                                attempt + 1,
-                                                frames[0].key,
-                                                elapsed
-                                            );
-                                        }
-                                    } else {
-                                        debug!(
-                                            "Encoder {} test failed on attempt {} - wrong frame count: {}",
-                                            codec.name,
-                                            attempt + 1,
-                                            frames.len()
-                                        );
-                                    }
-                                }
-                                Err(err) => {
-                                    last_err = Some(err);
-                                    debug!(
-                                        "Encoder {} test attempt {} returned error: {}",
-                                        codec.name,
-                                        attempt + 1,
-                                        err
-                                    );
-                                }
-                            }
-                        }
-
-                        if !passed {
-                            debug!(
-                                "Encoder {} test failed after retries{}",
-                                codec.name,
-                                last_err
-                                    .map(|e| format!(" (last err: {})", e))
-                                    .unwrap_or_default()
-                            );
-                        }
-                    }
-                    Err(_) => {
-                        debug!("Failed to create encoder {}", codec.name);
-                    }
+                if validate_candidate(&codec, &ctx, &yuv) {
+                    res.push(codec);
                 }
             }
         } else {
             debug!("Failed to generate dummy YUV data");
         }
 
-        // Add software encoders as fallback
-        let soft_codecs = CodecInfo::soft();
-
-        // Add H264 software encoder if not already present
-        if !res.iter().any(|c| c.format == H264) {
-            if let Some(h264_soft) = soft_codecs.h264 {
-                debug!("Adding software H264 encoder: {}", h264_soft.name);
-                res.push(h264_soft);
-            }
-        }
-
-        // Add H265 software encoder if not already present
-        if !res.iter().any(|c| c.format == H265) {
-            if let Some(h265_soft) = soft_codecs.h265 {
-                debug!("Adding software H265 encoder: {}", h265_soft.name);
-                res.push(h265_soft);
-            }
-        }
-
-        // Add VP8 software encoder if not already present
-        if !res.iter().any(|c| c.format == VP8) {
-            if let Some(vp8_soft) = soft_codecs.vp8 {
-                debug!("Adding software VP8 encoder: {}", vp8_soft.name);
-                res.push(vp8_soft);
-            }
-        }
-
-        // Add VP9 software encoder if not already present
-        if !res.iter().any(|c| c.format == VP9) {
-            if let Some(vp9_soft) = soft_codecs.vp9 {
-                debug!("Adding software VP9 encoder: {}", vp9_soft.name);
-                res.push(vp9_soft);
-            }
-        }
+        add_software_fallback(&mut res);
 
         res
     }

libs/hwcodec/src/ffmpeg_ram/mod.rs

@@ -86,6 +86,40 @@ impl Default for CodecInfo {
 }
 
 impl CodecInfo {
+    pub fn software(format: DataFormat) -> Option<Self> {
+        match format {
+            H264 => Some(CodecInfo {
+                name: "libx264".to_owned(),
+                mc_name: Default::default(),
+                format: H264,
+                hwdevice: AV_HWDEVICE_TYPE_NONE,
+                priority: Priority::Soft as _,
+            }),
+            H265 => Some(CodecInfo {
+                name: "libx265".to_owned(),
+                mc_name: Default::default(),
+                format: H265,
+                hwdevice: AV_HWDEVICE_TYPE_NONE,
+                priority: Priority::Soft as _,
+            }),
+            VP8 => Some(CodecInfo {
+                name: "libvpx".to_owned(),
+                mc_name: Default::default(),
+                format: VP8,
+                hwdevice: AV_HWDEVICE_TYPE_NONE,
+                priority: Priority::Soft as _,
+            }),
+            VP9 => Some(CodecInfo {
+                name: "libvpx-vp9".to_owned(),
+                mc_name: Default::default(),
+                format: VP9,
+                hwdevice: AV_HWDEVICE_TYPE_NONE,
+                priority: Priority::Soft as _,
+            }),
+            AV1 => None,
+        }
+    }
+
     pub fn prioritized(coders: Vec<CodecInfo>) -> CodecInfos {
         let mut h264: Option<CodecInfo> = None;
         let mut h265: Option<CodecInfo> = None;
@@ -148,34 +182,10 @@ impl CodecInfo {
 
     pub fn soft() -> CodecInfos {
         CodecInfos {
-            h264: Some(CodecInfo {
-                name: "libx264".to_owned(),
-                mc_name: Default::default(),
-                format: H264,
-                hwdevice: AV_HWDEVICE_TYPE_NONE,
-                priority: Priority::Soft as _,
-            }),
-            h265: Some(CodecInfo {
-                name: "libx265".to_owned(),
-                mc_name: Default::default(),
-                format: H265,
-                hwdevice: AV_HWDEVICE_TYPE_NONE,
-                priority: Priority::Soft as _,
-            }),
-            vp8: Some(CodecInfo {
-                name: "libvpx".to_owned(),
-                mc_name: Default::default(),
-                format: VP8,
-                hwdevice: AV_HWDEVICE_TYPE_NONE,
-                priority: Priority::Soft as _,
-            }),
-            vp9: Some(CodecInfo {
-                name: "libvpx-vp9".to_owned(),
-                mc_name: Default::default(),
-                format: VP9,
-                hwdevice: AV_HWDEVICE_TYPE_NONE,
-                priority: Priority::Soft as _,
-            }),
+            h264: CodecInfo::software(H264),
+            h265: CodecInfo::software(H265),
+            vp8: CodecInfo::software(VP8),
+            vp9: CodecInfo::software(VP9),
             av1: None,
         }
     }
@@ -191,6 +201,23 @@ pub struct CodecInfos {
 }
 
 impl CodecInfos {
+    pub fn into_vec(self) -> Vec<CodecInfo> {
+        let mut codecs = Vec::new();
+        if let Some(codec) = self.h264 {
+            codecs.push(codec);
+        }
+        if let Some(codec) = self.h265 {
+            codecs.push(codec);
+        }
+        if let Some(codec) = self.vp8 {
+            codecs.push(codec);
+        }
+        if let Some(codec) = self.vp9 {
+            codecs.push(codec);
+        }
+        codecs
+    }
+
     pub fn serialize(&self) -> Result<String, ()> {
         match serde_json::to_string_pretty(self) {
             Ok(s) => Ok(s),

src/rustdesk/connection.rs

@@ -652,22 +652,22 @@ impl Connection {
         // H264 is preferred because it has the best hardware encoder support (RKMPP, VAAPI, etc.)
         // and most RustDesk clients support H264 hardware decoding
         if constraints.is_webrtc_codec_allowed(crate::video::encoder::VideoCodecType::H264)
-            && registry.is_format_available(VideoEncoderType::H264, false)
+            && registry.is_codec_available(VideoEncoderType::H264)
         {
             return VideoEncoderType::H264;
         }
         if constraints.is_webrtc_codec_allowed(crate::video::encoder::VideoCodecType::H265)
-            && registry.is_format_available(VideoEncoderType::H265, false)
+            && registry.is_codec_available(VideoEncoderType::H265)
         {
             return VideoEncoderType::H265;
         }
         if constraints.is_webrtc_codec_allowed(crate::video::encoder::VideoCodecType::VP8)
-            && registry.is_format_available(VideoEncoderType::VP8, false)
+            && registry.is_codec_available(VideoEncoderType::VP8)
         {
             return VideoEncoderType::VP8;
         }
         if constraints.is_webrtc_codec_allowed(crate::video::encoder::VideoCodecType::VP9)
-            && registry.is_format_available(VideoEncoderType::VP9, false)
+            && registry.is_codec_available(VideoEncoderType::VP9)
         {
             return VideoEncoderType::VP9;
         }
@@ -784,7 +784,7 @@ impl Connection {
                     }
 
                     let registry = EncoderRegistry::global();
-                    if registry.is_format_available(new_codec, false) {
+                    if registry.is_codec_available(new_codec) {
                         info!(
                             "Client requested codec switch: {:?} -> {:?}",
                             self.negotiated_codec, new_codec
@@ -1121,16 +1121,16 @@ impl Connection {
             // Check which encoders are available (include software fallback)
             let h264_available = constraints
                 .is_webrtc_codec_allowed(crate::video::encoder::VideoCodecType::H264)
-                && registry.is_format_available(VideoEncoderType::H264, false);
+                && registry.is_codec_available(VideoEncoderType::H264);
             let h265_available = constraints
                 .is_webrtc_codec_allowed(crate::video::encoder::VideoCodecType::H265)
-                && registry.is_format_available(VideoEncoderType::H265, false);
+                && registry.is_codec_available(VideoEncoderType::H265);
             let vp8_available = constraints
                 .is_webrtc_codec_allowed(crate::video::encoder::VideoCodecType::VP8)
-                && registry.is_format_available(VideoEncoderType::VP8, false);
+                && registry.is_codec_available(VideoEncoderType::VP8);
             let vp9_available = constraints
                 .is_webrtc_codec_allowed(crate::video::encoder::VideoCodecType::VP9)
-                && registry.is_format_available(VideoEncoderType::VP9, false);
+                && registry.is_codec_available(VideoEncoderType::VP9);
 
             info!(
                 "Server encoding capabilities: H264={}, H265={}, VP8={}, VP9={}",

src/video/encoder/h264.rs

@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ use hwcodec::ffmpeg::AVPixelFormat;
 use hwcodec::ffmpeg_ram::encode::{EncodeContext, Encoder as HwEncoder};
 use hwcodec::ffmpeg_ram::CodecInfo;
 
+use super::detect_best_codec_for_format;
+use super::registry::EncoderBackend;
 use super::traits::{EncodedFormat, EncodedFrame, Encoder, EncoderConfig};
 use crate::error::{AppError, Result};
 use crate::video::format::{PixelFormat, Resolution};
@@ -69,21 +71,17 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for H264EncoderType {
 }
 
 /// Map codec name to encoder type
-fn codec_name_to_type(name: &str) -> H264EncoderType {
-    if name.contains("nvenc") {
-        H264EncoderType::Nvenc
-    } else if name.contains("qsv") {
-        H264EncoderType::Qsv
-    } else if name.contains("amf") {
-        H264EncoderType::Amf
-    } else if name.contains("vaapi") {
-        H264EncoderType::Vaapi
-    } else if name.contains("rkmpp") {
-        H264EncoderType::Rkmpp
-    } else if name.contains("v4l2m2m") {
-        H264EncoderType::V4l2M2m
-    } else {
-        H264EncoderType::Software
+impl From<EncoderBackend> for H264EncoderType {
+    fn from(backend: EncoderBackend) -> Self {
+        match backend {
+            EncoderBackend::Nvenc => H264EncoderType::Nvenc,
+            EncoderBackend::Qsv => H264EncoderType::Qsv,
+            EncoderBackend::Amf => H264EncoderType::Amf,
+            EncoderBackend::Vaapi => H264EncoderType::Vaapi,
+            EncoderBackend::Rkmpp => H264EncoderType::Rkmpp,
+            EncoderBackend::V4l2m2m => H264EncoderType::V4l2M2m,
+            EncoderBackend::Software => H264EncoderType::Software,
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -215,21 +213,15 @@ pub fn get_available_encoders(width: u32, height: u32) -> Vec<CodecInfo> {
 pub fn detect_best_encoder(width: u32, height: u32) -> (H264EncoderType, Option<String>) {
     let encoders = get_available_encoders(width, height);
 
-    if encoders.is_empty() {
+    if let Some((encoder_type, codec_name)) =
+        detect_best_codec_for_format(&encoders, hwcodec::common::DataFormat::H264, |_| true)
+    {
+        info!("Best H.264 encoder: {} ({})", codec_name, encoder_type);
+        (encoder_type, Some(codec_name))
+    } else {
         warn!("No H.264 encoders available from hwcodec");
-        return (H264EncoderType::None, None);
+        (H264EncoderType::None, None)
     }
-
-    // Find H264 encoder (not H265)
-    for codec in &encoders {
-        if codec.format == hwcodec::common::DataFormat::H264 {
-            let encoder_type = codec_name_to_type(&codec.name);
-            info!("Best H.264 encoder: {} ({})", codec.name, encoder_type);
-            return (encoder_type, Some(codec.name.clone()));
-        }
-    }
-
-    (H264EncoderType::None, None)
 }
 
 /// Encoded frame from hwcodec (cloned for ownership)
@@ -321,7 +313,7 @@ impl H264Encoder {
         })?;
 
         let yuv_length = inner.length;
-        let encoder_type = codec_name_to_type(codec_name);
+        let encoder_type = H264EncoderType::from(EncoderBackend::from_codec_name(codec_name));
 
         info!(
             "H.264 encoder created: {} (type: {}, buffer_length: {}, input_format: {:?})",

src/video/encoder/h265.rs

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ use hwcodec::ffmpeg::AVPixelFormat;
 use hwcodec::ffmpeg_ram::encode::{EncodeContext, Encoder as HwEncoder};
 use hwcodec::ffmpeg_ram::CodecInfo;
 
+use super::detect_best_codec_for_format;
 use super::registry::{EncoderBackend, EncoderRegistry, VideoEncoderType};
 use super::traits::{EncodedFormat, EncodedFrame, Encoder, EncoderConfig};
 use crate::error::{AppError, Result};
@@ -221,43 +222,25 @@ pub fn get_available_h265_encoders(width: u32, height: u32) -> Vec<CodecInfo> {
 pub fn detect_best_h265_encoder(width: u32, height: u32) -> (H265EncoderType, Option<String>) {
     let encoders = get_available_h265_encoders(width, height);
 
-    if encoders.is_empty() {
-        warn!("No H.265 encoders available");
-        return (H265EncoderType::None, None);
-    }
-
     // Prefer hardware encoders over software (libx265)
     // Hardware priority: NVENC > QSV > AMF > VAAPI > RKMPP > V4L2 M2M > Software
-    let codec = encoders
-        .iter()
-        .find(|e| !e.name.contains("libx265"))
-        .or_else(|| encoders.first())
-        .unwrap();
-
-    let encoder_type = if codec.name.contains("nvenc") {
-        H265EncoderType::Nvenc
-    } else if codec.name.contains("qsv") {
-        H265EncoderType::Qsv
-    } else if codec.name.contains("amf") {
-        H265EncoderType::Amf
-    } else if codec.name.contains("vaapi") {
-        H265EncoderType::Vaapi
-    } else if codec.name.contains("rkmpp") {
-        H265EncoderType::Rkmpp
-    } else if codec.name.contains("v4l2m2m") {
-        H265EncoderType::V4l2M2m
+    if let Some((encoder_type, codec_name)) =
+        detect_best_codec_for_format(&encoders, DataFormat::H265, |codec| {
+            !codec.name.contains("libx265")
+        })
+    {
+        info!("Selected H.265 encoder: {} ({})", codec_name, encoder_type);
+        (encoder_type, Some(codec_name))
     } else {
-        H265EncoderType::Software // Default to software for unknown
-    };
-
-    info!("Selected H.265 encoder: {} ({})", codec.name, encoder_type);
-    (encoder_type, Some(codec.name.clone()))
+        warn!("No H.265 encoders available");
+        (H265EncoderType::None, None)
+    }
 }
 
 /// Check if H265 hardware encoding is available
 pub fn is_h265_available() -> bool {
     let registry = EncoderRegistry::global();
-    registry.is_format_available(VideoEncoderType::H265, true)
+    registry.is_codec_available(VideoEncoderType::H265)
 }
 
 /// Encoded frame from hwcodec (cloned for ownership)
@@ -268,7 +251,7 @@ pub struct HwEncodeFrame {
     pub key: i32,
 }
 
-/// H.265 encoder using hwcodec (hardware only)
+/// H.265 encoder using hwcodec
 pub struct H265Encoder {
     /// hwcodec encoder instance
     inner: HwEncoder,

src/video/encoder/mod.rs

@@ -3,17 +3,21 @@
 //! This module provides video encoding capabilities including:
 //! - JPEG encoding for raw frames (YUYV, NV12, etc.)
 //! - H264 encoding (hardware + software)
-//! - H265 encoding (hardware only)
-//! - VP8 encoding (hardware only - VAAPI)
-//! - VP9 encoding (hardware only - VAAPI)
+//! - H265 encoding (hardware + software)
+//! - VP8 encoding (hardware + software)
+//! - VP9 encoding (hardware + software)
 //! - WebRTC video codec abstraction
 //! - Encoder registry for automatic detection
 
+use hwcodec::common::DataFormat;
+use hwcodec::ffmpeg_ram::CodecInfo;
+
 pub mod codec;
 pub mod h264;
 pub mod h265;
 pub mod jpeg;
 pub mod registry;
+pub mod self_check;
 pub mod traits;
 pub mod vp8;
 pub mod vp9;
@@ -28,18 +32,53 @@ pub use codec::{CodecFrame, VideoCodec, VideoCodecConfig, VideoCodecFactory, Vid
 
 // Encoder registry
 pub use registry::{AvailableEncoder, EncoderBackend, EncoderRegistry, VideoEncoderType};
+pub use self_check::{
+    build_hardware_self_check_runtime_error, run_hardware_self_check, VideoEncoderSelfCheckCell,
+    VideoEncoderSelfCheckCodec, VideoEncoderSelfCheckResponse, VideoEncoderSelfCheckRow,
+};
 
 // H264 encoder
 pub use h264::{H264Config, H264Encoder, H264EncoderType, H264InputFormat};
 
-// H265 encoder (hardware only)
+// H265 encoder
 pub use h265::{H265Config, H265Encoder, H265EncoderType, H265InputFormat};
 
-// VP8 encoder (hardware only)
+// VP8 encoder
 pub use vp8::{VP8Config, VP8Encoder, VP8EncoderType, VP8InputFormat};
 
-// VP9 encoder (hardware only)
+// VP9 encoder
 pub use vp9::{VP9Config, VP9Encoder, VP9EncoderType, VP9InputFormat};
 
 // JPEG encoder
 pub use jpeg::JpegEncoder;
+
+pub(crate) fn select_codec_for_format<F>(
+    encoders: &[CodecInfo],
+    format: DataFormat,
+    preferred: F,
+) -> Option<&CodecInfo>
+where
+    F: Fn(&CodecInfo) -> bool,
+{
+    encoders
+        .iter()
+        .find(|codec| codec.format == format && preferred(codec))
+        .or_else(|| encoders.iter().find(|codec| codec.format == format))
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn detect_best_codec_for_format<T, F>(
+    encoders: &[CodecInfo],
+    format: DataFormat,
+    preferred: F,
+) -> Option<(T, String)>
+where
+    T: From<EncoderBackend>,
+    F: Fn(&CodecInfo) -> bool,
+{
+    select_codec_for_format(encoders, format, preferred).map(|codec| {
+        (
+            T::from(EncoderBackend::from_codec_name(&codec.name)),
+            codec.name.clone(),
+        )
+    })
+}

src/video/encoder/registry.rs

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::sync::OnceLock;
+use std::time::Duration;
 use tracing::{debug, info, warn};
 
 use hwcodec::common::{DataFormat, Quality, RateControl};
@@ -28,6 +29,10 @@ pub enum VideoEncoderType {
 }
 
 impl VideoEncoderType {
+    pub const fn ordered() -> [Self; 4] {
+        [Self::H264, Self::H265, Self::VP8, Self::VP9]
+    }
+
     /// Convert to hwcodec DataFormat
     pub fn to_data_format(&self) -> DataFormat {
         match self {
@@ -68,17 +73,6 @@ impl VideoEncoderType {
             VideoEncoderType::VP9 => "VP9",
         }
     }
-
-    /// Check if this format requires hardware-only encoding
-    /// H264 supports software fallback, others require hardware
-    pub fn hardware_only(&self) -> bool {
-        match self {
-            VideoEncoderType::H264 => false,
-            VideoEncoderType::H265 => true,
-            VideoEncoderType::VP8 => true,
-            VideoEncoderType::VP9 => true,
-        }
-    }
 }
 
 impl std::fmt::Display for VideoEncoderType {
@@ -210,14 +204,84 @@ pub struct EncoderRegistry {
 }
 
 impl EncoderRegistry {
+    fn detect_encoders_with_timeout(ctx: EncodeContext, timeout: Duration) -> Vec<CodecInfo> {
+        use std::sync::mpsc;
+
+        let (tx, rx) = mpsc::channel();
+        let handle = std::thread::Builder::new()
+            .name("ffmpeg-encoder-detect".to_string())
+            .spawn(move || {
+                let result = HwEncoder::available_encoders(ctx, None);
+                let _ = tx.send(result);
+            });
+
+        let Ok(handle) = handle else {
+            warn!("Failed to spawn encoder detection thread");
+            return Vec::new();
+        };
+
+        match rx.recv_timeout(timeout) {
+            Ok(encoders) => {
+                let _ = handle.join();
+                encoders
+            }
+            Err(mpsc::RecvTimeoutError::Timeout) => {
+                warn!(
+                    "Encoder detection timed out after {}ms, skipping hardware detection",
+                    timeout.as_millis()
+                );
+                std::thread::spawn(move || {
+                    let _ = handle.join();
+                });
+                Vec::new()
+            }
+            Err(mpsc::RecvTimeoutError::Disconnected) => {
+                let _ = handle.join();
+                warn!("Encoder detection thread exited unexpectedly");
+                Vec::new()
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn register_software_fallbacks(&mut self) {
+        info!("Registering software encoders...");
+
+        for format in VideoEncoderType::ordered() {
+            let encoders = self.encoders.entry(format).or_default();
+            if encoders.iter().any(|encoder| !encoder.is_hardware) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            let codec_name = match format {
+                VideoEncoderType::H264 => "libx264",
+                VideoEncoderType::H265 => "libx265",
+                VideoEncoderType::VP8 => "libvpx",
+                VideoEncoderType::VP9 => "libvpx-vp9",
+            };
+
+            encoders.push(AvailableEncoder {
+                format,
+                codec_name: codec_name.to_string(),
+                backend: EncoderBackend::Software,
+                priority: 100,
+                is_hardware: false,
+            });
+
+            debug!(
+                "Registered software encoder: {} for {} (priority: {})",
+                codec_name, format, 100
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
     /// Get the global registry instance
     ///
-    /// The registry is initialized lazily on first access with 1920x1080 detection.
+    /// The registry is initialized lazily on first access with 1280x720 detection.
     pub fn global() -> &'static Self {
         static INSTANCE: OnceLock<EncoderRegistry> = OnceLock::new();
         INSTANCE.get_or_init(|| {
             let mut registry = EncoderRegistry::new();
-            registry.detect_encoders(1920, 1080);
+            registry.detect_encoders(1280, 720);
             registry
         })
     }
@@ -257,32 +321,11 @@ impl EncoderRegistry {
         };
 
         const DETECT_TIMEOUT_MS: u64 = 5000;
-
-        // Get all available encoders from hwcodec with a hard timeout
-        let all_encoders = {
-            use std::sync::mpsc;
-            use std::time::Duration;
-
-            info!("Encoder detection timeout: {}ms", DETECT_TIMEOUT_MS);
-
-            let (tx, rx) = mpsc::channel();
-            let ctx_clone = ctx.clone();
-            std::thread::spawn(move || {
-                let result = HwEncoder::available_encoders(ctx_clone, None);
-                let _ = tx.send(result);
-            });
-
-            match rx.recv_timeout(Duration::from_millis(DETECT_TIMEOUT_MS)) {
-                Ok(encoders) => encoders,
-                Err(_) => {
-                    warn!(
-                        "Encoder detection timed out after {}ms, skipping hardware detection",
-                        DETECT_TIMEOUT_MS
-                    );
-                    Vec::new()
-                }
-            }
-        };
+        info!("Encoder detection timeout: {}ms", DETECT_TIMEOUT_MS);
+        let all_encoders = Self::detect_encoders_with_timeout(
+            ctx.clone(),
+            Duration::from_millis(DETECT_TIMEOUT_MS),
+        );
 
         info!("Found {} encoders from hwcodec", all_encoders.len());
 
@@ -305,32 +348,7 @@ impl EncoderRegistry {
             encoders.sort_by_key(|e| e.priority);
         }
 
-        // Register software encoders as fallback
-        info!("Registering software encoders...");
-        let software_encoders = [
-            (VideoEncoderType::H264, "libx264", 100),
-            (VideoEncoderType::H265, "libx265", 100),
-            (VideoEncoderType::VP8, "libvpx", 100),
-            (VideoEncoderType::VP9, "libvpx-vp9", 100),
-        ];
-
-        for (format, codec_name, priority) in software_encoders {
-            self.encoders
-                .entry(format)
-                .or_default()
-                .push(AvailableEncoder {
-                    format,
-                    codec_name: codec_name.to_string(),
-                    backend: EncoderBackend::Software,
-                    priority,
-                    is_hardware: false,
-                });
-
-            debug!(
-                "Registered software encoder: {} for {} (priority: {})",
-                codec_name, format, priority
-            );
-        }
+        self.register_software_fallbacks();
 
         // Log summary
         for (format, encoders) in &self.encoders {
@@ -370,6 +388,10 @@ impl EncoderRegistry {
         )
     }
 
+    pub fn best_available_encoder(&self, format: VideoEncoderType) -> Option<&AvailableEncoder> {
+        self.best_encoder(format, false)
+    }
+
     /// Get all encoders for a format
     pub fn encoders_for_format(&self, format: VideoEncoderType) -> &[AvailableEncoder] {
         self.encoders
@@ -405,31 +427,17 @@ impl EncoderRegistry {
         self.best_encoder(format, hardware_only).is_some()
     }
 
+    pub fn is_codec_available(&self, format: VideoEncoderType) -> bool {
+        self.best_available_encoder(format).is_some()
+    }
+
     /// Get available formats for user selection
     ///
-    /// Returns formats that are actually usable based on their requirements:
-    /// - H264: Available if any encoder exists (hardware or software)
-    /// - H265/VP8/VP9: Available only if hardware encoder exists
     pub fn selectable_formats(&self) -> Vec<VideoEncoderType> {
-        let mut formats = Vec::new();
-
-        // H264 - supports software fallback
-        if self.is_format_available(VideoEncoderType::H264, false) {
-            formats.push(VideoEncoderType::H264);
-        }
-
-        // H265/VP8/VP9 - hardware only
-        for format in [
-            VideoEncoderType::H265,
-            VideoEncoderType::VP8,
-            VideoEncoderType::VP9,
-        ] {
-            if self.is_format_available(format, true) {
-                formats.push(format);
-            }
-        }
-
-        formats
+        VideoEncoderType::ordered()
+            .into_iter()
+            .filter(|format| self.is_codec_available(*format))
+            .collect()
     }
 
     /// Get detection resolution
@@ -534,11 +542,16 @@ mod tests {
     }
 
     #[test]
-    fn test_hardware_only_requirement() {
-        assert!(!VideoEncoderType::H264.hardware_only());
-        assert!(VideoEncoderType::H265.hardware_only());
-        assert!(VideoEncoderType::VP8.hardware_only());
-        assert!(VideoEncoderType::VP9.hardware_only());
+    fn test_codec_ordering() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            VideoEncoderType::ordered(),
+            [
+                VideoEncoderType::H264,
+                VideoEncoderType::H265,
+                VideoEncoderType::VP8,
+                VideoEncoderType::VP9,
+            ]
+        );
     }
 
     #[test]

src/video/encoder/self_check.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,335 @@
+use serde::Serialize;
+use std::sync::mpsc;
+use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
+
+use super::{
+    EncoderRegistry, H264Config, H264Encoder, H265Config, H265Encoder, VP8Config, VP8Encoder,
+    VP9Config, VP9Encoder, VideoEncoderType,
+};
+use crate::error::{AppError, Result};
+use crate::video::format::{PixelFormat, Resolution};
+
+const SELF_CHECK_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(5);
+const SELF_CHECK_FRAME_ATTEMPTS: u64 = 3;
+
+#[derive(Serialize)]
+pub struct VideoEncoderSelfCheckCodec {
+    pub id: &'static str,
+    pub name: &'static str,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize)]
+pub struct VideoEncoderSelfCheckCell {
+    pub codec_id: &'static str,
+    pub ok: bool,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub elapsed_ms: Option<u64>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize)]
+pub struct VideoEncoderSelfCheckRow {
+    pub resolution_id: &'static str,
+    pub resolution_label: &'static str,
+    pub width: u32,
+    pub height: u32,
+    pub cells: Vec<VideoEncoderSelfCheckCell>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize)]
+pub struct VideoEncoderSelfCheckResponse {
+    pub current_hardware_encoder: String,
+    pub codecs: Vec<VideoEncoderSelfCheckCodec>,
+    pub rows: Vec<VideoEncoderSelfCheckRow>,
+}
+
+pub fn run_hardware_self_check() -> VideoEncoderSelfCheckResponse {
+    let registry = EncoderRegistry::global();
+    let codecs = codec_columns();
+    let mut rows = Vec::new();
+
+    for (resolution_id, resolution_label, resolution) in test_resolutions() {
+        let mut cells = Vec::new();
+
+        for codec in test_codecs() {
+            let cell = match registry.best_encoder(codec, true) {
+                Some(encoder) => run_single_check(codec, resolution, encoder.codec_name.clone()),
+                None => unsupported_cell(codec),
+            };
+
+            cells.push(cell);
+        }
+
+        rows.push(VideoEncoderSelfCheckRow {
+            resolution_id,
+            resolution_label,
+            width: resolution.width,
+            height: resolution.height,
+            cells,
+        });
+    }
+
+    VideoEncoderSelfCheckResponse {
+        current_hardware_encoder: current_hardware_encoder(registry),
+        codecs,
+        rows,
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn build_hardware_self_check_runtime_error() -> VideoEncoderSelfCheckResponse {
+    let codecs = codec_columns();
+    let mut rows = Vec::new();
+
+    for (resolution_id, resolution_label, resolution) in test_resolutions() {
+        let cells = test_codecs()
+            .into_iter()
+            .map(|codec| VideoEncoderSelfCheckCell {
+                codec_id: codec_id(codec),
+                ok: false,
+                elapsed_ms: None,
+            })
+            .collect();
+
+        rows.push(VideoEncoderSelfCheckRow {
+            resolution_id,
+            resolution_label,
+            width: resolution.width,
+            height: resolution.height,
+            cells,
+        });
+    }
+
+    VideoEncoderSelfCheckResponse {
+        current_hardware_encoder: "None".to_string(),
+        codecs,
+        rows,
+    }
+}
+
+fn codec_columns() -> Vec<VideoEncoderSelfCheckCodec> {
+    test_codecs()
+        .into_iter()
+        .map(|codec| VideoEncoderSelfCheckCodec {
+            id: codec_id(codec),
+            name: match codec {
+                VideoEncoderType::H265 => "H.265",
+                _ => codec.display_name(),
+            },
+        })
+        .collect()
+}
+
+fn test_codecs() -> [VideoEncoderType; 4] {
+    [
+        VideoEncoderType::H264,
+        VideoEncoderType::H265,
+        VideoEncoderType::VP8,
+        VideoEncoderType::VP9,
+    ]
+}
+
+fn test_resolutions() -> [(&'static str, &'static str, Resolution); 4] {
+    [
+        ("720p", "720p", Resolution::HD720),
+        ("1080p", "1080p", Resolution::HD1080),
+        ("2k", "2K", Resolution::new(2560, 1440)),
+        ("4k", "4K", Resolution::UHD4K),
+    ]
+}
+
+fn codec_id(codec: VideoEncoderType) -> &'static str {
+    match codec {
+        VideoEncoderType::H264 => "h264",
+        VideoEncoderType::H265 => "h265",
+        VideoEncoderType::VP8 => "vp8",
+        VideoEncoderType::VP9 => "vp9",
+    }
+}
+
+fn unsupported_cell(codec: VideoEncoderType) -> VideoEncoderSelfCheckCell {
+    VideoEncoderSelfCheckCell {
+        codec_id: codec_id(codec),
+        ok: false,
+        elapsed_ms: None,
+    }
+}
+
+fn run_single_check(
+    codec: VideoEncoderType,
+    resolution: Resolution,
+    codec_name_ffmpeg: String,
+) -> VideoEncoderSelfCheckCell {
+    let started = Instant::now();
+    let (tx, rx) = mpsc::channel();
+    let thread_codec_name = codec_name_ffmpeg.clone();
+
+    let spawn_result = std::thread::Builder::new()
+        .name(format!(
+            "encoder-self-check-{}-{}x{}",
+            codec_id(codec),
+            resolution.width,
+            resolution.height
+        ))
+        .spawn(move || {
+            let _ = tx.send(run_smoke_test(codec, resolution, &thread_codec_name));
+        });
+
+    if let Err(e) = spawn_result {
+        let _ = e;
+        return VideoEncoderSelfCheckCell {
+            codec_id: codec_id(codec),
+            ok: false,
+            elapsed_ms: Some(started.elapsed().as_millis() as u64),
+        };
+    }
+
+    match rx.recv_timeout(SELF_CHECK_TIMEOUT) {
+        Ok(Ok(())) => VideoEncoderSelfCheckCell {
+            codec_id: codec_id(codec),
+            ok: true,
+            elapsed_ms: Some(started.elapsed().as_millis() as u64),
+        },
+        Ok(Err(_)) => VideoEncoderSelfCheckCell {
+            codec_id: codec_id(codec),
+            ok: false,
+            elapsed_ms: Some(started.elapsed().as_millis() as u64),
+        },
+        Err(mpsc::RecvTimeoutError::Timeout) => VideoEncoderSelfCheckCell {
+            codec_id: codec_id(codec),
+            ok: false,
+            elapsed_ms: Some(started.elapsed().as_millis() as u64),
+        },
+        Err(mpsc::RecvTimeoutError::Disconnected) => VideoEncoderSelfCheckCell {
+            codec_id: codec_id(codec),
+            ok: false,
+            elapsed_ms: Some(started.elapsed().as_millis() as u64),
+        },
+    }
+}
+
+fn current_hardware_encoder(registry: &EncoderRegistry) -> String {
+    let backends = registry
+        .available_backends()
+        .into_iter()
+        .filter(|backend| backend.is_hardware())
+        .map(|backend| backend.display_name().to_string())
+        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+    if backends.is_empty() {
+        "None".to_string()
+    } else {
+        backends.join("/")
+    }
+}
+
+fn run_smoke_test(
+    codec: VideoEncoderType,
+    resolution: Resolution,
+    codec_name_ffmpeg: &str,
+) -> Result<()> {
+    match codec {
+        VideoEncoderType::H264 => run_h264_smoke_test(resolution, codec_name_ffmpeg),
+        VideoEncoderType::H265 => run_h265_smoke_test(resolution, codec_name_ffmpeg),
+        VideoEncoderType::VP8 => run_vp8_smoke_test(resolution, codec_name_ffmpeg),
+        VideoEncoderType::VP9 => run_vp9_smoke_test(resolution, codec_name_ffmpeg),
+    }
+}
+
+fn run_h264_smoke_test(resolution: Resolution, codec_name_ffmpeg: &str) -> Result<()> {
+    let mut encoder = H264Encoder::with_codec(
+        H264Config::low_latency(resolution, bitrate_kbps_for_resolution(resolution)),
+        codec_name_ffmpeg,
+    )?;
+    encoder.request_keyframe();
+    let frame = build_nv12_test_frame(resolution, encoder.yuv_info().2 as usize);
+
+    for sequence in 0..SELF_CHECK_FRAME_ATTEMPTS {
+        let frames = encoder.encode_raw(&frame, pts_ms(sequence))?;
+        if frames.iter().any(|frame| !frame.data.is_empty()) {
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+    }
+
+    Err(AppError::VideoError(
+        "Encoder produced no output after multiple frames".to_string(),
+    ))
+}
+
+fn run_h265_smoke_test(resolution: Resolution, codec_name_ffmpeg: &str) -> Result<()> {
+    let mut encoder = H265Encoder::with_codec(
+        H265Config::low_latency(resolution, bitrate_kbps_for_resolution(resolution)),
+        codec_name_ffmpeg,
+    )?;
+    encoder.request_keyframe();
+    let frame = build_nv12_test_frame(resolution, encoder.buffer_info().2 as usize);
+
+    for sequence in 0..SELF_CHECK_FRAME_ATTEMPTS {
+        let frames = encoder.encode_raw(&frame, pts_ms(sequence))?;
+        if frames.iter().any(|frame| !frame.data.is_empty()) {
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+    }
+
+    Err(AppError::VideoError(
+        "Encoder produced no output after multiple frames".to_string(),
+    ))
+}
+
+fn run_vp8_smoke_test(resolution: Resolution, codec_name_ffmpeg: &str) -> Result<()> {
+    let mut encoder = VP8Encoder::with_codec(
+        VP8Config::low_latency(resolution, bitrate_kbps_for_resolution(resolution)),
+        codec_name_ffmpeg,
+    )?;
+    let frame = build_nv12_test_frame(resolution, encoder.buffer_info().2 as usize);
+
+    for sequence in 0..SELF_CHECK_FRAME_ATTEMPTS {
+        let frames = encoder.encode_raw(&frame, pts_ms(sequence))?;
+        if frames.iter().any(|frame| !frame.data.is_empty()) {
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+    }
+
+    Err(AppError::VideoError(
+        "Encoder produced no output after multiple frames".to_string(),
+    ))
+}
+
+fn run_vp9_smoke_test(resolution: Resolution, codec_name_ffmpeg: &str) -> Result<()> {
+    let mut encoder = VP9Encoder::with_codec(
+        VP9Config::low_latency(resolution, bitrate_kbps_for_resolution(resolution)),
+        codec_name_ffmpeg,
+    )?;
+    let frame = build_nv12_test_frame(resolution, encoder.buffer_info().2 as usize);
+
+    for sequence in 0..SELF_CHECK_FRAME_ATTEMPTS {
+        let frames = encoder.encode_raw(&frame, pts_ms(sequence))?;
+        if frames.iter().any(|frame| !frame.data.is_empty()) {
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+    }
+
+    Err(AppError::VideoError(
+        "Encoder produced no output after multiple frames".to_string(),
+    ))
+}
+
+fn build_nv12_test_frame(resolution: Resolution, buffer_length: usize) -> Vec<u8> {
+    let minimum_length = PixelFormat::Nv12.frame_size(resolution).unwrap_or(0);
+    let mut frame = vec![0x80; buffer_length.max(minimum_length)];
+    let y_plane_len = (resolution.width * resolution.height) as usize;
+    let fill_len = y_plane_len.min(frame.len());
+    frame[..fill_len].fill(0x10);
+    frame
+}
+
+fn bitrate_kbps_for_resolution(resolution: Resolution) -> u32 {
+    match resolution.width {
+        0..=1280 => 4_000,
+        1281..=1920 => 8_000,
+        1921..=2560 => 12_000,
+        _ => 20_000,
+    }
+}
+
+fn pts_ms(sequence: u64) -> i64 {
+    ((sequence * 1000) / 30) as i64
+}

src/video/encoder/vp8.rs

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ use hwcodec::ffmpeg::AVPixelFormat;
 use hwcodec::ffmpeg_ram::encode::{EncodeContext, Encoder as HwEncoder};
 use hwcodec::ffmpeg_ram::CodecInfo;
 
+use super::detect_best_codec_for_format;
 use super::registry::{EncoderBackend, EncoderRegistry, VideoEncoderType};
 use super::traits::{EncodedFormat, EncodedFrame, Encoder, EncoderConfig};
 use crate::error::{AppError, Result};
@@ -156,32 +157,24 @@ pub fn get_available_vp8_encoders(width: u32, height: u32) -> Vec<CodecInfo> {
 pub fn detect_best_vp8_encoder(width: u32, height: u32) -> (VP8EncoderType, Option<String>) {
     let encoders = get_available_vp8_encoders(width, height);
 
-    if encoders.is_empty() {
-        warn!("No VP8 encoders available");
-        return (VP8EncoderType::None, None);
-    }
-
     // Prefer hardware encoders (VAAPI) over software (libvpx)
-    let codec = encoders
-        .iter()
-        .find(|e| e.name.contains("vaapi"))
-        .or_else(|| encoders.first())
-        .unwrap();
-
-    let encoder_type = if codec.name.contains("vaapi") {
-        VP8EncoderType::Vaapi
+    if let Some((encoder_type, codec_name)) =
+        detect_best_codec_for_format(&encoders, DataFormat::VP8, |codec| {
+            codec.name.contains("vaapi")
+        })
+    {
+        info!("Selected VP8 encoder: {} ({})", codec_name, encoder_type);
+        (encoder_type, Some(codec_name))
     } else {
-        VP8EncoderType::Software // Default to software for unknown
-    };
-
-    info!("Selected VP8 encoder: {} ({})", codec.name, encoder_type);
-    (encoder_type, Some(codec.name.clone()))
+        warn!("No VP8 encoders available");
+        (VP8EncoderType::None, None)
+    }
 }
 
 /// Check if VP8 hardware encoding is available
 pub fn is_vp8_available() -> bool {
     let registry = EncoderRegistry::global();
-    registry.is_format_available(VideoEncoderType::VP8, true)
+    registry.is_codec_available(VideoEncoderType::VP8)
 }
 
 /// Encoded frame from hwcodec (cloned for ownership)
@@ -192,7 +185,7 @@ pub struct HwEncodeFrame {
     pub key: i32,
 }
 
-/// VP8 encoder using hwcodec (hardware only - VAAPI)
+/// VP8 encoder using hwcodec
 pub struct VP8Encoder {
     /// hwcodec encoder instance
     inner: HwEncoder,

src/video/encoder/vp9.rs

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ use hwcodec::ffmpeg::AVPixelFormat;
 use hwcodec::ffmpeg_ram::encode::{EncodeContext, Encoder as HwEncoder};
 use hwcodec::ffmpeg_ram::CodecInfo;
 
+use super::detect_best_codec_for_format;
 use super::registry::{EncoderBackend, EncoderRegistry, VideoEncoderType};
 use super::traits::{EncodedFormat, EncodedFrame, Encoder, EncoderConfig};
 use crate::error::{AppError, Result};
@@ -156,32 +157,24 @@ pub fn get_available_vp9_encoders(width: u32, height: u32) -> Vec<CodecInfo> {
 pub fn detect_best_vp9_encoder(width: u32, height: u32) -> (VP9EncoderType, Option<String>) {
     let encoders = get_available_vp9_encoders(width, height);
 
-    if encoders.is_empty() {
-        warn!("No VP9 encoders available");
-        return (VP9EncoderType::None, None);
-    }
-
     // Prefer hardware encoders (VAAPI) over software (libvpx-vp9)
-    let codec = encoders
-        .iter()
-        .find(|e| e.name.contains("vaapi"))
-        .or_else(|| encoders.first())
-        .unwrap();
-
-    let encoder_type = if codec.name.contains("vaapi") {
-        VP9EncoderType::Vaapi
+    if let Some((encoder_type, codec_name)) =
+        detect_best_codec_for_format(&encoders, DataFormat::VP9, |codec| {
+            codec.name.contains("vaapi")
+        })
+    {
+        info!("Selected VP9 encoder: {} ({})", codec_name, encoder_type);
+        (encoder_type, Some(codec_name))
     } else {
-        VP9EncoderType::Software // Default to software for unknown
-    };
-
-    info!("Selected VP9 encoder: {} ({})", codec.name, encoder_type);
-    (encoder_type, Some(codec.name.clone()))
+        warn!("No VP9 encoders available");
+        (VP9EncoderType::None, None)
+    }
 }
 
 /// Check if VP9 hardware encoding is available
 pub fn is_vp9_available() -> bool {
     let registry = EncoderRegistry::global();
-    registry.is_format_available(VideoEncoderType::VP9, true)
+    registry.is_codec_available(VideoEncoderType::VP9)
 }
 
 /// Encoded frame from hwcodec (cloned for ownership)
@@ -192,7 +185,7 @@ pub struct HwEncodeFrame {
     pub key: i32,
 }
 
-/// VP9 encoder using hwcodec (hardware only - VAAPI)
+/// VP9 encoder using hwcodec
 pub struct VP9Encoder {
     /// hwcodec encoder instance
     inner: HwEncoder,

src/video/shared_video_pipeline.rs

@@ -38,14 +38,12 @@ use crate::error::{AppError, Result};
 use crate::utils::LogThrottler;
 use crate::video::convert::{Nv12Converter, PixelConverter};
 use crate::video::decoder::MjpegTurboDecoder;
-use crate::video::encoder::h264::{detect_best_encoder, H264Config, H264Encoder, H264InputFormat};
-use crate::video::encoder::h265::{
-    detect_best_h265_encoder, H265Config, H265Encoder, H265InputFormat,
-};
+use crate::video::encoder::h264::{H264Config, H264Encoder, H264InputFormat};
+use crate::video::encoder::h265::{H265Config, H265Encoder, H265InputFormat};
 use crate::video::encoder::registry::{EncoderBackend, EncoderRegistry, VideoEncoderType};
 use crate::video::encoder::traits::EncoderConfig;
-use crate::video::encoder::vp8::{detect_best_vp8_encoder, VP8Config, VP8Encoder};
-use crate::video::encoder::vp9::{detect_best_vp9_encoder, VP9Config, VP9Encoder};
+use crate::video::encoder::vp8::{VP8Config, VP8Encoder};
+use crate::video::encoder::vp9::{VP9Config, VP9Encoder};
 use crate::video::format::{PixelFormat, Resolution};
 use crate::video::frame::{FrameBuffer, FrameBufferPool, VideoFrame};
 use crate::video::v4l2r_capture::V4l2rCaptureStream;
@@ -389,7 +387,7 @@ impl SharedVideoPipeline {
                         .encoder_with_backend(format, b)
                         .map(|e| e.codec_name.clone()),
                     None => registry
-                        .best_encoder(format, false)
+                        .best_available_encoder(format)
                         .map(|e| e.codec_name.clone()),
                 }
             };
@@ -447,10 +445,7 @@ impl SharedVideoPipeline {
                         ))
                     })?
                 } else {
-                    // Auto select best available encoder
-                    let (_encoder_type, detected) =
-                        detect_best_encoder(config.resolution.width, config.resolution.height);
-                    detected.ok_or_else(|| {
+                    get_codec_name(VideoEncoderType::H264, None).ok_or_else(|| {
                         AppError::VideoError("No H.264 encoder available".to_string())
                     })?
                 }
@@ -472,9 +467,7 @@ impl SharedVideoPipeline {
                         ))
                     })?
                 } else {
-                    let (_encoder_type, detected) =
-                        detect_best_h265_encoder(config.resolution.width, config.resolution.height);
-                    detected.ok_or_else(|| {
+                    get_codec_name(VideoEncoderType::H265, None).ok_or_else(|| {
                         AppError::VideoError("No H.265 encoder available".to_string())
                     })?
                 }
@@ -485,9 +478,7 @@ impl SharedVideoPipeline {
                         AppError::VideoError(format!("Backend {:?} does not support VP8", backend))
                     })?
                 } else {
-                    let (_encoder_type, detected) =
-                        detect_best_vp8_encoder(config.resolution.width, config.resolution.height);
-                    detected.ok_or_else(|| {
+                    get_codec_name(VideoEncoderType::VP8, None).ok_or_else(|| {
                         AppError::VideoError("No VP8 encoder available".to_string())
                     })?
                 }
@@ -498,9 +489,7 @@ impl SharedVideoPipeline {
                         AppError::VideoError(format!("Backend {:?} does not support VP9", backend))
                     })?
                 } else {
-                    let (_encoder_type, detected) =
-                        detect_best_vp9_encoder(config.resolution.width, config.resolution.height);
-                    detected.ok_or_else(|| {
+                    get_codec_name(VideoEncoderType::VP9, None).ok_or_else(|| {
                         AppError::VideoError("No VP9 encoder available".to_string())
                     })?
                 }

src/video/video_session.rs

@@ -191,15 +191,14 @@ impl VideoSessionManager {
         *self.frame_source.write().await = Some(rx);
     }
 
-    /// Get available codecs based on hardware capabilities
+    /// Get available codecs based on encoder availability
     pub fn available_codecs(&self) -> Vec<VideoEncoderType> {
         EncoderRegistry::global().selectable_formats()
     }
 
     /// Check if a codec is available
     pub fn is_codec_available(&self, codec: VideoEncoderType) -> bool {
-        let hardware_only = codec.hardware_only();
-        EncoderRegistry::global().is_format_available(codec, hardware_only)
+        EncoderRegistry::global().is_codec_available(codec)
     }
 
     /// Create a new video session
@@ -520,7 +519,7 @@ impl VideoSessionManager {
     /// Get codec info
     pub fn get_codec_info(&self, codec: VideoEncoderType) -> Option<CodecInfo> {
         let registry = EncoderRegistry::global();
-        let encoder = registry.best_encoder(codec, codec.hardware_only())?;
+        let encoder = registry.best_available_encoder(codec)?;
 
         Some(CodecInfo {
             codec_type: codec,

src/web/handlers/mod.rs

@@ -16,7 +16,10 @@ use crate::events::SystemEvent;
 use crate::state::AppState;
 use crate::update::{UpdateChannel, UpdateOverviewResponse, UpdateStatusResponse, UpgradeRequest};
 use crate::video::codec_constraints::codec_to_id;
-use crate::video::encoder::BitratePreset;
+use crate::video::encoder::{
+    build_hardware_self_check_runtime_error, run_hardware_self_check, BitratePreset,
+    VideoEncoderSelfCheckResponse,
+};
 
 // ============================================================================
 // Health & Info
@@ -1798,7 +1801,7 @@ pub async fn stream_codecs_list() -> Json<AvailableCodecsResponse> {
     });
 
     // Check H264 availability (supports software fallback)
-    let h264_encoder = registry.best_encoder(VideoEncoderType::H264, false);
+    let h264_encoder = registry.best_available_encoder(VideoEncoderType::H264);
     codecs.push(VideoCodecInfo {
         id: "h264".to_string(),
         name: "H.264 / WebRTC".to_string(),
@@ -1809,7 +1812,7 @@ pub async fn stream_codecs_list() -> Json<AvailableCodecsResponse> {
     });
 
     // Check H265 availability (now supports software too)
-    let h265_encoder = registry.best_encoder(VideoEncoderType::H265, false);
+    let h265_encoder = registry.best_available_encoder(VideoEncoderType::H265);
     codecs.push(VideoCodecInfo {
         id: "h265".to_string(),
         name: "H.265 / WebRTC".to_string(),
@@ -1820,7 +1823,7 @@ pub async fn stream_codecs_list() -> Json<AvailableCodecsResponse> {
     });
 
     // Check VP8 availability (now supports software too)
-    let vp8_encoder = registry.best_encoder(VideoEncoderType::VP8, false);
+    let vp8_encoder = registry.best_available_encoder(VideoEncoderType::VP8);
     codecs.push(VideoCodecInfo {
         id: "vp8".to_string(),
         name: "VP8 / WebRTC".to_string(),
@@ -1831,7 +1834,7 @@ pub async fn stream_codecs_list() -> Json<AvailableCodecsResponse> {
     });
 
     // Check VP9 availability (now supports software too)
-    let vp9_encoder = registry.best_encoder(VideoEncoderType::VP9, false);
+    let vp9_encoder = registry.best_available_encoder(VideoEncoderType::VP9);
     codecs.push(VideoCodecInfo {
         id: "vp9".to_string(),
         name: "VP9 / WebRTC".to_string(),
@@ -1848,6 +1851,15 @@ pub async fn stream_codecs_list() -> Json<AvailableCodecsResponse> {
     })
 }
 
+/// Run hardware encoder smoke tests across common resolutions/codecs.
+pub async fn video_encoder_self_check() -> Json<VideoEncoderSelfCheckResponse> {
+    let response = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(run_hardware_self_check)
+        .await
+        .unwrap_or_else(|_| build_hardware_self_check_runtime_error());
+
+    Json(response)
+}
+
 /// Query parameters for MJPEG stream
 #[derive(Deserialize, Default)]
 pub struct MjpegStreamQuery {

src/web/routes.rs

@@ -51,6 +51,10 @@ pub fn create_router(state: Arc<AppState>) -> Router {
         .route("/stream/bitrate", post(handlers::stream_set_bitrate))
         .route("/stream/codecs", get(handlers::stream_codecs_list))
         .route("/stream/constraints", get(handlers::stream_constraints_get))
+        .route(
+            "/video/encoder/self-check",
+            get(handlers::video_encoder_self_check),
+        )
         // WebRTC endpoints
         .route("/webrtc/session", post(handlers::webrtc_create_session))
         .route("/webrtc/offer", post(handlers::webrtc_offer))

src/webrtc/webrtc_streamer.rs

@@ -221,23 +221,11 @@ impl WebRtcStreamer {
         use crate::video::encoder::registry::EncoderRegistry;
 
         let registry = EncoderRegistry::global();
-        let mut codecs = vec![];
-
-        // H264 always available (has software fallback)
-        codecs.push(VideoCodecType::H264);
-
-        // Check hardware codecs
-        if registry.is_format_available(VideoEncoderType::H265, true) {
-            codecs.push(VideoCodecType::H265);
-        }
-        if registry.is_format_available(VideoEncoderType::VP8, true) {
-            codecs.push(VideoCodecType::VP8);
-        }
-        if registry.is_format_available(VideoEncoderType::VP9, true) {
-            codecs.push(VideoCodecType::VP9);
-        }
-
-        codecs
+        VideoEncoderType::ordered()
+            .into_iter()
+            .filter(|codec| registry.is_codec_available(*codec))
+            .map(Self::encoder_type_to_codec_type)
+            .collect()
     }
 
     /// Convert VideoCodecType to VideoEncoderType
@@ -250,6 +238,15 @@ impl WebRtcStreamer {
         }
     }
 
+    fn encoder_type_to_codec_type(codec: VideoEncoderType) -> VideoCodecType {
+        match codec {
+            VideoEncoderType::H264 => VideoCodecType::H264,
+            VideoEncoderType::H265 => VideoCodecType::H265,
+            VideoEncoderType::VP8 => VideoCodecType::VP8,
+            VideoEncoderType::VP9 => VideoCodecType::VP9,
+        }
+    }
+
     fn should_stop_pipeline(session_count: usize, subscriber_count: usize) -> bool {
         session_count == 0 && subscriber_count == 0
     }
@@ -577,7 +574,7 @@ impl WebRtcStreamer {
                     VideoCodecType::VP9 => VideoEncoderType::VP9,
                 };
                 EncoderRegistry::global()
-                    .best_encoder(codec_type, false)
+                    .best_available_encoder(codec_type)
                     .map(|e| e.is_hardware)
                     .unwrap_or(false)
             }

web/src/api/index.ts

@@ -177,6 +177,31 @@ export interface StreamConstraintsResponse {
   current_mode: string
 }
 
+export interface VideoEncoderSelfCheckCodec {
+  id: string
+  name: string
+}
+
+export interface VideoEncoderSelfCheckCell {
+  codec_id: string
+  ok: boolean
+  elapsed_ms?: number | null
+}
+
+export interface VideoEncoderSelfCheckRow {
+  resolution_id: string
+  resolution_label: string
+  width: number
+  height: number
+  cells: VideoEncoderSelfCheckCell[]
+}
+
+export interface VideoEncoderSelfCheckResponse {
+  current_hardware_encoder: string
+  codecs: VideoEncoderSelfCheckCodec[]
+  rows: VideoEncoderSelfCheckRow[]
+}
+
 export const streamApi = {
   status: () =>
     request<{
@@ -217,6 +242,9 @@ export const streamApi = {
   getConstraints: () =>
     request<StreamConstraintsResponse>('/stream/constraints'),
 
+  encoderSelfCheck: () =>
+    request<VideoEncoderSelfCheckResponse>('/video/encoder/self-check'),
+
   setBitratePreset: (bitrate_preset: import('@/types/generated').BitratePreset) =>
     request<{ success: boolean; message?: string }>('/stream/bitrate', {
       method: 'POST',

web/src/i18n/en-US.ts

@@ -757,6 +757,15 @@ export default {
         udc_speed: 'Device may not be fully enumerated; try reconnecting USB',
       },
     },
+    encoderSelfCheck: {
+      title: 'Hardware Encoding Capability Test',
+      desc: 'Test hardware encoding capability across 720p, 1080p, 2K, and 4K',
+      run: 'Start Test',
+      failed: 'Failed to run hardware encoding capability test',
+      resolution: 'Resolution',
+      currentHardwareEncoder: 'Current Hardware Encoder',
+      none: 'None',
+    },
     // WebRTC / ICE
     webrtcSettings: 'WebRTC Settings',
     webrtcSettingsDesc: 'Configure STUN/TURN servers for NAT traversal',

web/src/i18n/zh-CN.ts

@@ -757,6 +757,15 @@ export default {
         udc_speed: '设备可能未完成枚举，可尝试重插 USB',
       },
     },
+    encoderSelfCheck: {
+      title: '硬件编码能力测试',
+      desc: '按 720p、1080p、2K、4K 测试硬件编码能力',
+      run: '开始测试',
+      failed: '执行硬件编码能力测试失败',
+      resolution: '分辨率',
+      currentHardwareEncoder: '当前硬件编码器',
+      none: '无',
+    },
     // WebRTC / ICE
     webrtcSettings: 'WebRTC 设置',
     webrtcSettingsDesc: '配置 STUN/TURN 服务器以实现 NAT 穿透',

web/src/views/ConsoleView.vue

@@ -1624,16 +1624,86 @@ function handleKeyUp(e: KeyboardEvent) {
   sendKeyboardEvent('up', hidKey, modifierMask)
 }
 
+function getActiveVideoElement(): HTMLImageElement | HTMLVideoElement | null {
+  return videoMode.value !== 'mjpeg' ? webrtcVideoRef.value : videoRef.value
+}
+
+function getActiveVideoAspectRatio(): number | null {
+  if (videoMode.value !== 'mjpeg') {
+    const video = webrtcVideoRef.value
+    if (video?.videoWidth && video.videoHeight) {
+      return video.videoWidth / video.videoHeight
+    }
+  } else {
+    const image = videoRef.value
+    if (image?.naturalWidth && image.naturalHeight) {
+      return image.naturalWidth / image.naturalHeight
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (!videoAspectRatio.value) return null
+  const [width, height] = videoAspectRatio.value.split('/').map(Number)
+  if (!width || !height) return null
+  return width / height
+}
+
+function getRenderedVideoRect() {
+  const videoElement = getActiveVideoElement()
+  if (!videoElement) return null
+
+  const rect = videoElement.getBoundingClientRect()
+  if (rect.width <= 0 || rect.height <= 0) return null
+
+  const contentAspectRatio = getActiveVideoAspectRatio()
+  if (!contentAspectRatio) {
+    return rect
+  }
+
+  const boxAspectRatio = rect.width / rect.height
+  if (!Number.isFinite(boxAspectRatio) || boxAspectRatio <= 0) {
+    return rect
+  }
+
+  if (boxAspectRatio > contentAspectRatio) {
+    const width = rect.height * contentAspectRatio
+    return {
+      left: rect.left + (rect.width - width) / 2,
+      top: rect.top,
+      width,
+      height: rect.height,
+    }
+  }
+
+  const height = rect.width / contentAspectRatio
+  return {
+    left: rect.left,
+    top: rect.top + (rect.height - height) / 2,
+    width: rect.width,
+    height,
+  }
+}
+
+function getAbsoluteMousePosition(e: MouseEvent) {
+  const rect = getRenderedVideoRect()
+  if (!rect) return null
+
+  const normalizedX = Math.max(0, Math.min(1, (e.clientX - rect.left) / rect.width))
+  const normalizedY = Math.max(0, Math.min(1, (e.clientY - rect.top) / rect.height))
+
+  return {
+    x: Math.round(normalizedX * 32767),
+    y: Math.round(normalizedY * 32767),
+  }
+}
+
 function handleMouseMove(e: MouseEvent) {
-  // Use the appropriate video element based on current mode (WebRTC for h264/h265/vp8/vp9, MJPEG for mjpeg)
-  const videoElement = videoMode.value !== 'mjpeg' ? webrtcVideoRef.value : videoRef.value
+  const videoElement = getActiveVideoElement()
   if (!videoElement) return
 
   if (mouseMode.value === 'absolute') {
-    // Absolute mode: send absolute coordinates (0-32767 range)
-    const rect = videoElement.getBoundingClientRect()
-    const x = Math.round((e.clientX - rect.left) / rect.width * 32767)
-    const y = Math.round((e.clientY - rect.top) / rect.height * 32767)
+    const absolutePosition = getAbsoluteMousePosition(e)
+    if (!absolutePosition) return
+    const { x, y } = absolutePosition
 
     mousePosition.value = { x, y }
     // Queue for throttled sending (absolute mode: just update pending position)
@@ -1758,6 +1828,15 @@ function handleMouseDown(e: MouseEvent) {
     return
   }
 
+  if (mouseMode.value === 'absolute') {
+    const absolutePosition = getAbsoluteMousePosition(e)
+    if (absolutePosition) {
+      mousePosition.value = absolutePosition
+      sendMouseEvent({ type: 'move_abs', ...absolutePosition })
+      pendingMouseMove = null
+    }
+  }
+
   const button = e.button === 0 ? 'left' : e.button === 2 ? 'right' : 'middle'
   pressedMouseButton.value = button
   sendMouseEvent({ type: 'down', button })

web/src/views/SettingsView.vue

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ import {
   type UpdateOverviewResponse,
   type UpdateStatusResponse,
   type UpdateChannel,
+  type VideoEncoderSelfCheckResponse,
 } from '@/api'
 import type {
   ExtensionsStatus,
@@ -539,6 +540,64 @@ async function onRunOtgSelfCheckClick() {
   await runOtgSelfCheck()
 }
 
+type VideoEncoderSelfCheckCell = VideoEncoderSelfCheckResponse['rows'][number]['cells'][number]
+type VideoEncoderSelfCheckRow = VideoEncoderSelfCheckResponse['rows'][number]
+
+const videoEncoderSelfCheckLoading = ref(false)
+const videoEncoderSelfCheckResult = ref<VideoEncoderSelfCheckResponse | null>(null)
+const videoEncoderSelfCheckError = ref('')
+const videoEncoderRunButtonPressed = ref(false)
+
+function videoEncoderCell(row: VideoEncoderSelfCheckRow, codecId: string): VideoEncoderSelfCheckCell | undefined {
+  return row.cells.find(cell => cell.codec_id === codecId)
+}
+
+const currentHardwareEncoderText = computed(() =>
+  videoEncoderSelfCheckResult.value?.current_hardware_encoder === 'None'
+    ? t('settings.encoderSelfCheck.none')
+    : (videoEncoderSelfCheckResult.value?.current_hardware_encoder || t('settings.encoderSelfCheck.none'))
+)
+
+function videoEncoderCodecLabel(codecId: string, codecName: string): string {
+  return codecId === 'h265' ? 'H.265' : codecName
+}
+
+function videoEncoderCellClass(ok: boolean | undefined): string {
+  return ok ? 'text-emerald-600 dark:text-emerald-400' : 'text-red-600 dark:text-red-400'
+}
+
+function videoEncoderCellSymbol(ok: boolean | undefined): string {
+  return ok ? '✓' : '✗'
+}
+
+function videoEncoderCellTime(cell: VideoEncoderSelfCheckCell | undefined): string {
+  if (!cell || typeof cell.elapsed_ms !== 'number') return '-'
+  return `${cell.elapsed_ms}ms`
+}
+
+async function runVideoEncoderSelfCheck() {
+  videoEncoderSelfCheckLoading.value = true
+  videoEncoderSelfCheckError.value = ''
+  try {
+    videoEncoderSelfCheckResult.value = await streamApi.encoderSelfCheck()
+  } catch (e) {
+    console.error('Failed to run encoder self-check:', e)
+    videoEncoderSelfCheckError.value = t('settings.encoderSelfCheck.failed')
+  } finally {
+    videoEncoderSelfCheckLoading.value = false
+  }
+}
+
+async function onRunVideoEncoderSelfCheckClick() {
+  if (!videoEncoderSelfCheckLoading.value) {
+    videoEncoderRunButtonPressed.value = true
+    window.setTimeout(() => {
+      videoEncoderRunButtonPressed.value = false
+    }, 160)
+  }
+  await runVideoEncoderSelfCheck()
+}
+
 function alignHidProfileForLowEndpoint() {
   if (hidProfileAligned.value) return
   if (!configLoaded.value || !devicesLoaded.value) return
@@ -1781,16 +1840,15 @@ onMounted(async () => {
   if (updateRunning.value) {
     startUpdatePolling()
   }
-
-  await runOtgSelfCheck()
 })
 
 watch(updateChannel, async () => {
   await loadUpdateOverview()
 })
 
-watch(() => config.value.hid_backend, async () => {
-  await runOtgSelfCheck()
+watch(() => config.value.hid_backend, () => {
+  otgSelfCheckResult.value = null
+  otgSelfCheckError.value = ''
 })
 </script>
 
@@ -2364,6 +2422,86 @@ watch(() => config.value.hid_backend, async () => {
                 </p>
               </CardContent>
             </Card>
+
+            <Card>
+              <CardHeader class="flex flex-row items-start justify-between space-y-0">
+                <div class="space-y-1.5">
+                  <CardTitle>{{ t('settings.encoderSelfCheck.title') }}</CardTitle>
+                  <CardDescription>{{ t('settings.encoderSelfCheck.desc') }}</CardDescription>
+                </div>
+                <Button
+                  variant="outline"
+                  size="sm"
+                  :disabled="videoEncoderSelfCheckLoading"
+                  :class="[
+                    'transition-all duration-150 active:scale-95 active:brightness-95',
+                    videoEncoderRunButtonPressed ? 'scale-95 brightness-95' : ''
+                  ]"
+                  @click="onRunVideoEncoderSelfCheckClick"
+                >
+                  <RefreshCw class="h-4 w-4 mr-2" :class="{ 'animate-spin': videoEncoderSelfCheckLoading }" />
+                  {{ t('settings.encoderSelfCheck.run') }}
+                </Button>
+              </CardHeader>
+              <CardContent class="space-y-3">
+                <p v-if="videoEncoderSelfCheckError" class="text-xs text-red-600 dark:text-red-400">
+                  {{ videoEncoderSelfCheckError }}
+                </p>
+
+                <template v-if="videoEncoderSelfCheckResult">
+                  <div class="text-sm">
+                    {{ t('settings.encoderSelfCheck.currentHardwareEncoder') }}：{{ currentHardwareEncoderText }}
+                  </div>
+
+                  <div class="rounded-md border bg-card">
+                    <table class="w-full table-fixed text-sm">
+                      <thead>
+                        <tr>
+                          <th class="px-2 py-3 text-left font-medium w-[18%]">{{ t('settings.encoderSelfCheck.resolution') }}</th>
+                          <th
+                            v-for="codec in videoEncoderSelfCheckResult.codecs"
+                            :key="codec.id"
+                            class="px-2 py-3 text-center font-medium w-[20.5%]"
+                          >
+                            {{ videoEncoderCodecLabel(codec.id, codec.name) }}
+                          </th>
+                        </tr>
+                      </thead>
+                      <tbody>
+                        <tr
+                          v-for="row in videoEncoderSelfCheckResult.rows"
+                          :key="row.resolution_id"
+                        >
+                          <td class="px-2 py-3 align-middle">
+                            <div class="font-medium">{{ row.resolution_label }}</div>
+                          </td>
+                          <td
+                            v-for="codec in videoEncoderSelfCheckResult.codecs"
+                            :key="`${row.resolution_id}-${codec.id}`"
+                            class="px-2 py-3 align-middle"
+                          >
+                            <div
+                              class="flex flex-col items-center justify-center gap-1"
+                              :class="videoEncoderCellClass(videoEncoderCell(row, codec.id)?.ok)"
+                            >
+                              <div class="text-lg leading-none font-semibold">
+                                {{ videoEncoderCellSymbol(videoEncoderCell(row, codec.id)?.ok) }}
+                              </div>
+                              <div class="text-[11px] leading-4 text-foreground/70">
+                                {{ videoEncoderCellTime(videoEncoderCell(row, codec.id)) }}
+                              </div>
+                            </div>
+                          </td>
+                        </tr>
+                      </tbody>
+                    </table>
+                  </div>
+                </template>
+                <p v-else-if="videoEncoderSelfCheckLoading" class="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
+                  {{ t('common.loading') }}
+                </p>
+              </CardContent>
+            </Card>
           </div>
 
           <!-- Access Section -->