f-strings

genmap.py

@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ def _render_keymap(keymap: List[_KeyMapping], template_path: str, out_path: str)
 
 # =====
 def main() -> None:
-    assert len(sys.argv) == 4, "%s <keymap.in> <template> <out>" % (sys.argv[0])
+    assert len(sys.argv) == 4, f"{sys.argv[0]} <keymap.in> <template> <out>"
 
     keymap = _read_keymap_in(sys.argv[1])
     _render_keymap(keymap, sys.argv[2], sys.argv[3])

kvmd/apps/__init__.py

@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ def _init_config(config_path: str, sections: List[str], override_options: List[s
 
         return config
     except (ConfigError, UnknownPluginError) as err:
-        raise SystemExit("Config error: %s" % (str(err)))
+        raise SystemExit(f"Config error: {err}")
 
 
 def _dump_config(config: Section) -> None:

kvmd/apps/htpasswd/__init__.py

@@ -45,7 +45,8 @@ from .. import init
 # =====
 def _get_htpasswd_path(config: Section) -> str:
     if config.kvmd.auth.internal_type != "htpasswd":
-        raise SystemExit("Error: KVMD internal auth not using 'htpasswd' (now configured %r)" % (config.kvmd.auth.internal_type))
+        raise SystemExit(f"Error: KVMD internal auth not using 'htpasswd'"
+                         f" (now configured {config.kvmd.auth.internal_type!r})")
     return config.kvmd.auth.internal.file
 
 
@@ -53,7 +54,7 @@ def _get_htpasswd_path(config: Section) -> str:
 def _get_htpasswd_for_write(config: Section) -> Generator[passlib.apache.HtpasswdFile, None, None]:
     path = _get_htpasswd_path(config)
     (tmp_fd, tmp_path) = tempfile.mkstemp(
-        prefix=".%s." % (os.path.basename(path)),
+        prefix=f".{os.path.basename(path)}.",
         dir=os.path.dirname(path),
     )
     try:

kvmd/apps/ipmi/auth.py

@@ -61,12 +61,12 @@ class IpmiAuthManager:
                 continue
 
             if " -> " not in line:
-                raise IpmiPasswdError("Missing ' -> ' operator at line #%d" % (number))
+                raise IpmiPasswdError(f"Missing ' -> ' operator at line #{number}")
 
             (left, right) = map(str.lstrip, line.split(" -> ", 1))
             for (name, pair) in [("left", left), ("right", right)]:
                 if ":" not in pair:
-                    raise IpmiPasswdError("Missing ':' operator in %s credentials at line #%d" % (name, number))
+                    raise IpmiPasswdError(f"Missing ':' operator in {name} credentials at line #{number}")
 
             (ipmi_user, ipmi_passwd) = left.split(":")
             ipmi_user = ipmi_user.strip()
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ class IpmiAuthManager:
             kvmd_user = kvmd_user.strip()
 
             if ipmi_user in credentials:
-                raise IpmiPasswdError("Found duplicating user %r (left) at line #%d" % (ipmi_user, number))
+                raise IpmiPasswdError(f"Found duplicating user {ipmi_user!r} (left) at line #{number}")
 
             credentials[ipmi_user] = IpmiUserCredentials(
                 ipmi_user=ipmi_user,

kvmd/apps/ipmi/server.py

@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ class IpmiServer(BaseIpmiServer):  # pylint: disable=too-many-instance-attribute
         logger = get_logger(0)
 
         assert handle.startswith("/")
-        url = "http://%s:%d%s" % (self.__kvmd_host, self.__kvmd_port, handle)
+        url = f"http://{self.__kvmd_host}:{self.__kvmd_port}{handle}"
 
         credentials = self.__auth_manager.get_credentials(ipmi_session.username.decode())
         logger.info("Performing %r request to %r from user %r (IPMI) as %r (KVMD)",
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ class IpmiServer(BaseIpmiServer):  # pylint: disable=too-many-instance-attribute
                     headers={
                         "X-KVMD-User": credentials.kvmd_user,
                         "X-KVMD-Passwd": credentials.kvmd_passwd,
-                        "User-Agent": "KVMD-IPMI/%s" % (__version__),
+                        "User-Agent": f"KVMD-IPMI/{__version__}",
                     },
                     timeout=self.__kvmd_timeout,
                 ) as response:

kvmd/apps/kvmd/msd.py

@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ def _ioctl_uint32(device_file: IO, request: int) -> int:
 
 def _explore_device(device_path: str) -> _MassStorageDeviceInfo:
     if not stat.S_ISBLK(os.stat(device_path).st_mode):
-        raise RuntimeError("Not a block device: %s" % (device_path))
+        raise RuntimeError(f"Not a block device: {device_path}")
 
     with open(device_path, "rb") as device_file:
         # size = BLKGETSIZE * BLKSSZGET

kvmd/apps/kvmd/server.py

@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ def _json_exception(err: Exception, status: int) -> aiohttp.web.Response:
 async def _get_multipart_field(reader: aiohttp.MultipartReader, name: str) -> aiohttp.BodyPartReader:
     field = await reader.next()
     if not field or field.name != name:
-        raise ValidatorError("Missing %r field" % (name))
+        raise ValidatorError(f"Missing {name!r} field")
     return field
 
 
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ def _exposed(http_method: str, path: str, auth_required: bool=True) -> Callable:
 
                     if user:
                         user = valid_user(user)
-                        setattr(request, _ATTR_KVMD_AUTH_INFO, "%s (xhdr)" % (user))
+                        setattr(request, _ATTR_KVMD_AUTH_INFO, f"{user} (xhdr)")
                         if not (await self._auth_manager.authorize(user, valid_passwd(passwd))):
                             raise ForbiddenError("Forbidden")
 
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ def _exposed(http_method: str, path: str, auth_required: bool=True) -> Callable:
                         if not user:
                             setattr(request, _ATTR_KVMD_AUTH_INFO, "- (token)")
                             raise ForbiddenError("Forbidden")
-                        setattr(request, _ATTR_KVMD_AUTH_INFO, "%s (token)" % (user))
+                        setattr(request, _ATTR_KVMD_AUTH_INFO, f"{user} (token)")
 
                     else:
                         raise UnauthorizedError("Unauthorized")
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ def _system_task(method: Callable) -> Callable:
     async def wrapper(self: "Server") -> None:
         try:
             await method(self)
-            raise RuntimeError("Dead system task: %s" % (method))
+            raise RuntimeError(f"Dead system task: {method}")
         except asyncio.CancelledError:
             pass
         except Exception:

kvmd/apps/kvmd/streamer.py

@@ -121,8 +121,8 @@ class Streamer:  # pylint: disable=too-many-instance-attributes
         state = None
         try:
             async with session.get(
-                url="http://%s:%d/state" % (self.__host, self.__port),
+                url=f"http://{self.__host}:{self.__port}/state",
-                headers={"User-Agent": "KVMD/%s" % (__version__)},
+                headers={"User-Agent": f"KVMD/{__version__}"},
                 timeout=self.__timeout,
             ) as response:
                 response.raise_for_status()

kvmd/plugins/__init__.py

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ class BasePlugin:
 @functools.lru_cache()
 def get_plugin_class(sub: str, name: str) -> Type[BasePlugin]:
     try:
-        module = importlib.import_module("kvmd.plugins.{}.{}".format(sub, name))
+        module = importlib.import_module(f"kvmd.plugins.{sub}.{name}")
     except ModuleNotFoundError:
-        raise UnknownPluginError("Unknown plugin '%s/%s'" % (sub, name))
+        raise UnknownPluginError(f"Unknown plugin '{sub}/{name}'")
     return getattr(module, "Plugin")

kvmd/plugins/auth/http.py

@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ class Plugin(BaseAuthService):
                     "passwd": passwd
                 },
                 headers={
-                    "User-Agent": "KVMD/%s" % (__version__),
+                    "User-Agent": f"KVMD/{__version__}",
                     "X-KVMD-User": user,
                 },
             ) as response:

kvmd/validators/__init__.py

@@ -40,13 +40,13 @@ class ValidatorError(ValueError):
 def raise_error(arg: Any, name: str, hide: bool=False) -> NoReturn:
     arg_str = " "
     if not hide:
-        arg_str = (" %r " if isinstance(arg, (str, bytes)) else " '%s' ") % (arg)
+        arg_str = (f" {arg!r} " if isinstance(arg, (str, bytes)) else f" '{arg}' ")
-    raise ValidatorError("The argument" + arg_str + "is not a valid " + name)
+    raise ValidatorError(f"The argument{arg_str}is not a valid {name}")
 
 
 def check_not_none(arg: Any, name: str) -> Any:
     if arg is None:
-        raise ValidatorError("Empty argument is not a valid %s" % (name))
+        raise ValidatorError(f"Empty argument is not a valid {name}")
     return arg
 
 

kvmd/validators/basic.py

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ def valid_bool(arg: Any) -> bool:
     true_args = ["1", "true", "yes"]
     false_args = ["0", "false", "no"]
 
-    name = "bool (%r or %r)" % (true_args, false_args)
+    name = f"bool ({true_args!r} or {false_args!r})"
 
     arg = check_not_none_string(arg, name).lower()
     arg = check_in_list(arg, name, true_args + false_args)
@@ -64,9 +64,9 @@ def valid_number(
         raise_error(arg, name)
 
     if min is not None and arg < min:
-        raise ValidatorError("The argument '%s' must be %s and greater or equial than %s" % (arg, name, min))
+        raise ValidatorError(f"The argument '{arg}' must be {name} and greater or equial than {min}")
     if max is not None and arg > max:
-        raise ValidatorError("The argument '%s' must be %s and lesser or equal then %s" % (arg, name, max))
+        raise ValidatorError(f"The argument '{arg}' must be {name} and lesser or equal then {max}")
     return arg
 
 
@@ -98,5 +98,5 @@ def valid_string_list(
         try:
             arg = list(map(subval, arg))
         except Exception:
-            raise ValidatorError("Failed sub-validator on one of the item of %r" % (arg))
+            raise ValidatorError(f"Failed sub-validator on one of the item of {arg!r}")
     return arg

kvmd/yamlconf/__init__.py

@@ -41,9 +41,9 @@ def build_raw_from_options(options: List[str]) -> Dict[str, Any]:
     for option in options:
         (key, value) = (option.split("=", 1) + [None])[:2]  # type: ignore
         if len(key.strip()) == 0:
-            raise ConfigError("Empty option key (required 'key=value' instead of %r)" % (option))
+            raise ConfigError(f"Empty option key (required 'key=value' instead of {option!r})")
         if value is None:
-            raise ConfigError("No value for key %r" % (key))
+            raise ConfigError(f"No value for key {key!r}")
 
         section = raw
         subs = list(filter(None, map(str.strip, key.split("/"))))
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ def _parse_value(value: str) -> Any:
         and value not in ["true", "false", "null"]
         and not value.startswith(("{", "[", "\""))
     ):
-        value = "\"%s\"" % (value)
+        value = f"\"{value}\""
     return json.loads(value)
 
 
@@ -124,13 +124,13 @@ class Option:
         self.help = help
 
     def __repr__(self) -> str:
-        return "<Option(default={0.default}, type={0.type}, only_if={0.only_if}, unpack_as={0.unpack_as})>".format(self)
+        return f"<Option(default={self.default}, type={self.type}, only_if={self.only_if}, unpack_as={self.unpack_as})>"
 
 
 # =====
 def make_config(raw: Dict[str, Any], scheme: Dict[str, Any], _keys: Tuple[str, ...]=()) -> Section:
     if not isinstance(raw, dict):
-        raise ConfigError("The node %r must be a dictionary" % ("/".join(_keys) or "/"))
+        raise ConfigError(f"The node {('/'.join(_keys) or '/')!r} must be a dictionary")
 
     config = Section()
 
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ def make_config(raw: Dict[str, Any], scheme: Dict[str, Any], _keys: Tuple[str, .
 
             if only_if and no_only_if:  # pylint: disable=no-else-raise
                 # Перекрестный only_if запрещен
-                raise RuntimeError("Found only_if recursuon on key %r" % (make_full_name(key)))
+                raise RuntimeError(f"Found only_if recursuon on key {make_full_name(key)!r}")
             elif only_if and (
                 (not only_if_negative and not process_option(only_if, no_only_if=True))
                 or (only_if_negative and process_option(only_if, no_only_if=True))
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ def make_config(raw: Dict[str, Any], scheme: Dict[str, Any], _keys: Tuple[str, .
                 try:
                     value = option.type(value)
                 except ValueError as err:
-                    raise ConfigError("Invalid value %r for key %r: %s" % (value, make_full_name(key), str(err)))
+                    raise ConfigError(f"Invalid value {value!r} for key {make_full_name(key)!r}: {err}")
 
             config[key] = value
             config._set_meta(  # pylint: disable=protected-access
@@ -179,6 +179,6 @@ def make_config(raw: Dict[str, Any], scheme: Dict[str, Any], _keys: Tuple[str, .
         elif isinstance(scheme[key], dict):
             config[key] = make_config(raw.get(key, {}), scheme[key], make_full_key(key))
         else:
-            raise RuntimeError("Incorrect scheme definition for key %r:"
+            raise RuntimeError(f"Incorrect scheme definition for key {make_full_name(key)!r}:"
-                               " the value is %r, not dict() or Option()" % (make_full_name(key), type(scheme[key])))
+                               f" the value is {type(scheme[key])!r}, not dict() or Option()")
     return config

kvmd/yamlconf/dumper.py

@@ -39,7 +39,8 @@ def make_config_dump(config: Section, indent: int=4) -> str:
 def _inner_make_dump(config: Section, indent: int, _level: int=0) -> Generator[str, None, None]:
     for (key, value) in sorted(config.items(), key=operator.itemgetter(0)):
         if isinstance(value, Section):
-            yield "%s%s:" % (" " * indent * _level, key)
+            prefix = " " * indent * _level
+            yield f"{prefix}{key}:"
             yield from _inner_make_dump(value, indent, _level + 1)
             yield ""
         else:
@@ -66,7 +67,7 @@ def _make_yaml_kv(key: str, value: Any, indent: int, level: int, comment: str=""
     prefix = " " * indent * level
     if commented:
         prefix = prefix + "# "
-    text = textwrap.indent("%s:%s" % (key, text), prefix=prefix)
+    text = textwrap.indent(f"{key}:{text}", prefix=prefix)
 
     if comment:
         lines = text.split("\n")

kvmd/yamlconf/loader.py

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ def load_yaml_file(path: str) -> Any:
             return yaml.load(yaml_file, _YamlLoader)
         except Exception:
             # Reraise internal exception as standard ValueError and show the incorrect file
-            raise ValueError("Incorrect YAML syntax in file %r" % (path))
+            raise ValueError(f"Incorrect YAML syntax in file {path!r}")
 
 
 class _YamlLoader(yaml.SafeLoader):